Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma is a rare tumor which has a poor prognosis. Herein, we present a 55-year-old woman who presented with complaints of recurrent vomiting, hematemesis and weight loss. Endoscopic examination showed a large ulcerated mass in the antrum. Microscopic evaluation of the specimen taken through biopsy was compatible with a small round cell tumor. However, definitive histo...

Peripheral neuroepitbelioma (PN) is a rare highly malignant tumor, classified in the group of small round cell tumors. We report eight cases of PN, based on histologic appearance and immunohistochemical staining for neuron-specific enolase (NSE). Electron microscopy was also performed in three cases. The tumors exhibited rapid local growth, leading to limb amputation in five cases. Histolo...

The enolase protein of the human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum has recently been characterized. Apart from its glycolytic function, enolase has also been shown to possess antigenic properties and to be present on the cell wall of certain invasive organisms, such as Candida albicans. In order to assess whether enolase of P. falciparum is also antigenic, sera from residents of a region ...

Borrelia burgdorferi, a tick-borne bacterial pathogen, causes a disseminated infection involving multiple organs known as Lyme disease. Surface proteins can directly participate in microbial virulence by facilitating pathogen dissemination via interaction with host factors. We show here that a fraction of the B. burgdorferi chromosomal gene product BB0337, annotated as enolase or phosphopyruvat...

This assay procedure for each of the two neuron-specific enolases (alpha gamma and gamma gamma) and the non-neuronal enolase (alpha alpha) in serum involves two steps: electrophoretic separation of the three isoenzymes--alpha alpha, alpha gamma, and gamma gamma--on cellulose acetate, and bioluminescence measurement of total enolase activity. From these data, the activity concentrations (U/L) of...

Gamma-enolase enzymatic activity is involved in glycolysis, a prevalent process cancer cell metabolism. Additionally, gamma-enolase has pro-survival function, exhibited through the active site at C-terminal end of molecule. This regulated by cysteine peptidase cathepsin X, which cleaves two amino acids gamma-enolase. In clinical practice, determination as tumour marker does not differ between t...

Enolase is the eighth enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, a reaction that generates ATP from phosphoenol pyruvate in cytosolic compartments. Enolase is essential, especially for organisms devoid of the Krebs cycle that depend solely on glycolysis for energy. Interestingly, enolase appears to serve a separate function in some organisms, in that it is also exported to the cell surface via a poorly ...

individual Plg-Rs to monocyte recruitment may change over time (enolase-1 early vs H2B later). These suggestions imply that different populations of Plg-Rs could be targeted to regulate inflammatory cell recruitment in a temporal or site-specific manner. The resurrection of enolase-1 as a Plg-R by the Wygrecka et al provides impetus for such comparative studies. Conflict-of-interest disclosure:...

In this paper the performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein biomarkers important for monitoring damage of brain astrocytes and neurons for MS is reviewed. We estimated neurofilament, tau and phospho-tau proteins, β-APP, Aβ, S-100B and neuron-specific enolase in CSF of MS patients during relapse. We noted elevation of neurofilament, tau and phospho-tau proteins, S-100B, neuron-specific en...

A radioimmunoassay for neuron specific enolase (NSE), a marker of neuroendocrine differentiation, has been evaluated in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In untreated patients 25/38 (68%) with localized SCLC had raised blood levels of NSE (>13 ng ml-1), in extensive disease 34/39 (87%) patients had raised NSE levels. In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) the serum levels were raised ...