OBJECTIVES Cytosolic calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) mediates ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, but magnitude and time course of I/R-induced [Ca(2+)](i) overload remain unclear. Fluorescent indicators are commonly used to measure [Ca(2+)](i), and have a dissociation constant (K(d)) that depends on pH and temperature. We hypothesized that changes of K(d) during I/R lead to misleading interpretations of [...

Fluorometric determination of thiamine requires the conversion of the analyte to fluorescent thiochrome by hexacyanoferrate(III) oxidation in alkaline solution and the isolation of the produced thiochrome from the reaction medium by solvent extraction. It was observed that thiochrome could be concentrated and separated from the reaction medium by solid-phase extraction. The thiochrome sorpted o...

Chlorophyll biosynthetic heterogeneity is rooted mainly in parallel divinyl (DV) and monovinyl (MV) biosynthetic routes interconnected by 4-vinyl reductases (4VRs) that convert DV tetrapyrroles to MV tetrapyrroles by conversion of the vinyl group at position 4 of the macrocycle to ethyl. What is not clear at this stage is whether the various 4VR activities are catalyzed by one enzyme of broad s...

461 base used for the original analysis is predominantly that seen in normal patients, while the critical interpretation is the sick patient. This reviewer, for example, recently saw a liver with extensive metastases proven to be over 4700 g at necropsy (3 times normal weight) measured as normal approximately 2 weeks before death by the author's techniques in the author's nuclear facility. It w...

Introduction: Pelvic venous insufficiency (PVI) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its high prevalence, severity of manifestations, and risk resulting reproductive disorders. Data suggests that PVI progression in women is accompanied by nonspecific reaction changes. The aim this study was evaluate lipid peroxidation activity antioxidant defense mechanisms ovarian blood patients wi...

ABSTRACT: Spermatozoa experience oxidative, osmotic, chemical, and thermal stresses when cooled, which degrade the quality fertilizing capacity of cells. Adding antioxidants to sperm extender mitigates these alterations. This study evaluated effect isoespintanol (ISO) on boar semen subjected cooling. Fifteen ejaculates from five boars (Susscrofadomestica) were extended in Beltsville thawing sol...

Polymeric nanoparticles are being intensively investigated as drug carriers. Their efficiency could be enhanced if the release can triggered using an external stimulus such ultrasound. This approach is possible current commercial apparatus that combine focused ultrasound with MRI to perform ultrasonic surgery. In this approach, made of a perfluoro-octyl bromide core and thick polymeric (PLGA-PE...

Absorption and fluorescence characteristics of aqueous solutions of salts, sugars, and amino acids were studied using UV-vis spectroscopy and spectrofluorometry. Motivation stemmed from unanticipated absorption spectral and fluorescence features of the "exclusion zone" seen adjacent to various hydrophilic surfaces. Those features implied a structure distinct from that of bulk water (Adv. Colloi...