During the last decade Railways have become one of the most advanced and fast developing branches of transportation technology. The reason is very high speeds achievable by the most advanced modern trains (French TGV, German ICE, Italian Pendolino, Swedish X2000, Spanish AVE, Belgium Thalys, the Eurostar) and very low air pollution per passenger compared with road vehicles. Unfortunately, the i...

This chapter describes basic logic circuits. This can be seen as largely background material for applications in later chapters in the design of dividers and phase detectors in frequency synthesizers. The types of logic discussed will be CMOS rail-to-rail logic, CMOS current mode logic (CML), bipolar CML, and bipolar emitter coupled logic (ECL). Note that CML is a general term and applies to bo...

a r t i c l e i n f o Using cross-national comparative analysis, this paper discusses the reasons why France has succeeded in partially privatizing its most recently constructed high speed line, while the U.S. has not reached this stage. The authors argue that France, with an interventionist government, diverged from the U.S. during the Great Depression by nationalizing its private railways and...

With the rapid development of high-speed railway and the changes of the tourists’ requirement, it is imperative to the integrate advantages of aviation and rail. This paper constructs the air-rail integration model based on the current development situation and characteristics of Chinese railways. In allusion to the search problem of connecting path in air-rail integration network, a constraine...

Wheel out-of-roundness (OOR) inevitably jeopardizes the safety of railway operations. Regular visual inspection and checking by experienced workers are the commonly adopted practices to identify wheel defects. However, the defects may not be spotted in time. The paper puts forward a new method to real-time monitor wheel OOR based on PVDF strain sensor. Track strain response upon wheel-rail inte...

It is well known that single-rail, bundled-delay circuits provide good area eficiency but it can be dificult to match them with appropriate delay models. Conversely delay insensitive circuits such as those employing dualrail codes are larger but it is easier to ensure timing correctness. In terms of speed, bundled-delay circuits need conservative timing but dual-rail circuits can require an app...

We present a simulation modeling methodology to assess the rail track infrastructure in highly dense traffic areas. We used this model to determine the best trackage configuration to meet future demand in the Los Angeles-Inland Empire Trade Corridor Region. There are three major challenges in modeling a rail network in a densely trafficked metropolitan area. They are: (1) complex trackage confi...

the vibration of cable-stayed bridges subjected to the passage of high-speed trains is studied in this article. the moving train includes a number of wagons, each of which is modeled as a four-axle system possessing 48 degrees of freedom. the car model is nonlinear and three-dimensional and includes nonlinear springs and dampers of primary and secondary suspensions, dry friction between differe...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the status of occupational stress in different types of train drivers. METHODS By using cluster sampling method, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 1 339 train drivers (including 289 passenger train drivers, 637 freight trains drivers, 339 passenger shunting train drivers, and 74 high speed rail drivers) from a Railway Bureau depot. The survey included individual fa...