PURPOSE To use a large wave-front database of a clinical population to investigate relationships between refractions and higher-order aberrations and between aberrations of right and left eyes. METHODS Third- and fourth-order aberration coefficients and higher-order root-mean-squared aberrations (HO RMS), scaled to a pupil size of 4.5-mm diameter, were analyzed in a population of approximatel...

The aim of this article was to assess the associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and daily sun exposure time with myopia in Korean adults.This study is based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) of Korean adults in 2010-2012; multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of serum 25(OH)D levels and daily sun expo...

PURPOSE Evaluating the clinical results of trans-epithelial collagen cross-linking (CXL) and standard CXL in patients with progressive keratoconus. METHODS This prospective study comprised 20 eyes of 20 patients with progressive keratoconus. Ten eyes were treated by standard CXL and ten by trans-epithelial cross-linking (TE-CXL, epithelium on) with 1 year of follow-up. All patients underwent ...

PURPOSE To investigate the refractive outcomes and spherical aberration of multifocal LASIK to create a distant-dominant center and near-dominant periphery in hyperopic, myopic, and emmetropic presbyopia. METHODS One hundred ninety-five eyes with myopic presbyopia and 119 eyes with hyperopic or emmetropic presbyopia that underwent LASIK or epithelial LASIK (epi-LASIK) were assessed out to 3 m...

PURPOSE To investigate which baseline factors are predictive for axial length growth over an average period of 2.5 years in a group of children wearing orthokeratology (OK) contact lenses. METHODS In this retrospective study, the clinical records of 249 new OK wearers between January 2012 and December 2013 from the contact lens clinic at the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University were revie...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in myopic, emmetropic, and hyperopic children using optical coherence tomography. Two-hundred one right eyes of subjects aged 4 to 18 years were divided into 3 groups based on their postcycloplegic spherical equivalent: myopes (<-1.0 D), emmetropes (≥-1.0 to ≤+1.0 D), and hyperopes (>+1.0 D...

PURPOSE The safety and efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) and topography-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) using a different sequence and timing were evaluated in consecutive keratoconus cases. METHODS This study included a total of 325 eyes with keratoconus. Eyes were divided into two groups. The first group (n=127 eyes) underwent CXL with subsequent topography-guided PR...

PURPOSE To conduct a clinical validation of a virtual reality-based experimental system that is able to assess the spherical subjective refraction simplifying the methodology of ocular refraction. METHODS For the agreement assessment, spherical refraction measurements were obtained from 104 eyes of 52 subjects using three different methods: subjectively with the experimental prototype (Subj.E...

PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical utility of spherocylindrical automated refraction (AR) compared with subjective manifest refraction (MR) after cataract surgery with implantation of ReZoom refractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) (Advanced Medical Optics, Inc.). SETTING Private Practice. METHODS This prospective nonrandomized interventional study consisted of 72 patients with bilater...

PURPOSE To evaluate whether visual performance could be improved in pseudophakic subjects by correcting low levels of postoperative astigmatism. METHODS An exploratory, noninterventional study was conducted using subjects who had been implanted with an aspheric intraocular lens and had 0.5-0.75 diopter postoperative astigmatism. Monocular visual performance using full correction was compared ...