BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Spinal anesthesia is used for relief of pain during labor and it is associated with low indices of complications. Studies with levorotatory enantiomers of local anesthetics demonstrate higher safety due to the lower cardiotoxicity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the latency and duration of analgesia and maternal and fetal repercussions with bupivacaine (S7...

The effects of 0.5% bupivacaine 1.5, 2 and 3 ml in 8% glucose was compared in a double-blind study involving 30 patients undergoing spinal analgesia. The time to the onset of maximum segmental spread of analgesia was approximately 15 min for all three volumes. Cephalad spread of analgesia was related to the volume used: 1.5 ml reached T10, 2 ml T8 and 3 ml T7. The duration of analgesia increase...

Approximately 60% of women who labour in the USA receive some form of neuraxial analgesia, but concerns have been raised regarding whether it negatively impacts the labour and delivery process. In this review, we attempt to clarify what has been established as truths, falsities and uncertainties regarding the effects of this form of pain relief on labour progression, negative and/or positive. A...

To the Editor, The Indian Medical Gazette Sir,?In reply to Mr. Surti's letter in the February issue of the Indian Medical Gazette, we have to say that we have used one per cent planocaine solution for spinal analgesia for the last two years for all operations, both major and minor, with such good results that in not a single instance has there been a failure in anaesthesia. Regarding the use of...

Plantar incision in rat generates spontaneous pain behaviour. The opioid drug, morphine used to treat postsurgical pain produces tolerance after long-term administration. Loperamide, a potent mu-opioid agonist, has documented analgesic action in various pain conditions. However, loperamide analgesia and associated tolerance following continuous spinal administration in postsurgical pain has not...

The development of the technique of continuous spinal anesthesia as it relates to the obstetric population is recounted. The advantages and disadvantages of continuous spinal anesthesia are examined, currently available catheters and kits are reviewed, and strategies for the management of continuous spinal techniques for labor analgesia and surgical anesthesia are discussed. Continuous spinal a...

We report three previously healthy individuals, aged 19-40 yr, with co-existing infected lower limb cutaneous wounds, who developed, in all probability, spinal space infections complicating continuous extradural analgesia. As the number of patients with extradural catheters and large cutaneous wounds represents a small fraction of the total number of patients with extradural catheters, three ca...

BACKGROUND This study aims to identify that intrathecal (i.t.) injection of dexmedetomidine (Dex) and ropivacaine (Ropi) induces synergistic analgesia on chronic inflammatory pain and is accompanied with corresponding "neuron-astrocytic" alterations. METHODS Male, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, control and i.t. medication groups. The analgesia profiles of i.t. Dex,...

Xu, Zemin, Chuanyao Tong, Hui-Lin Pan, Sergio E. Cerda, NE reuptake in the spinal cord potentiates analgesia from and James C. Eisenach. Intravenous morphine increases release centrally administered morphine (Taiwo et al. 1985). of nitric oxide from spinal cord by an a-adrenergic and cholinergic It recently has been suggested that spinally released NE mechanism. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2072–2078, ...