The whole metabolism of a sponge holobiont and the respective contributions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic symbionts and their associations with the sponge host remain largely unclear. Meanwhile, compared with shallow water sponges, deep-sea sponges are rarely understood. Here we report the metagenomic exploration of deep-sea sponge Neamphius huxleyi [corrected] . at the whole community level. M...

Symbioses in marine sponges involve diverse consortia of microorganisms that contribute to the health and ecology of their hosts. The microbial communities of 13 taxonomically diverse Great Barrier Reef (GBR) sponge species were assessed by DGGE and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to determine intra and inter species variation in bacterial symbiont composition. Microbial profiling revealed communities...

the paper seeks to identify starbuck's experience in using social media, understand how social media is linked to customer knowledge management, and assess how social media services could have contributed to starbucks success. starbucks demonstrates versatility to engage customers and support different part of customer knowledge management strategy through various social media platforms, such a...

laboratory and industrial scale experiments are made on the application of sponge iron pellets and briquettes for the production of cast iron and steel in different melting systems, such as electric induction furnace, electric resistance furnace and fuel-fired crucible furnace. effect of various variables such as specifications of sponge iron, temperature of the molten metal and the method of f...

Urea is one of the dominant organic nitrogenous compounds in the oligotrophic oceans. Compared to the knowledge of nitrogen transformation of nitrogen fixation, ammonia oxidization, nitrate and nitrite reduction mediated by sponge-associated microbes, our knowledge of urea utilization in sponges and the phylogenetic diversity of sponge-associated microbes with urea utilization potential is very...

Sponges, porous filter-feeding organisms consisting of vast canal systems, provide unique substrates for diverse symbiotic organisms. The Spongia (Spongia) sp. massive sponge is obligately inhabited by the host-specific endosymbiotic bivalve Vulsella vulsella, which benefits from this symbiosis by receiving protection from predators. However, whether the host sponge gains any benefit from this ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the risk factors and preventive measures for gossypibomas and their medico-legal implications in forensic medicine in the Turkish legal system. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study involved a retrospective analysis of the records of 39 patients with gossypiboma. Records were available from the Istanbul Forensic Medicine Institution and were surveyed fo...

Many bioactive molecules like recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) have been developed for mineralized bone grafts, for which proper scaffolds are necessary to successfully apply the bioactive molecules. In this study, we tested the osteogenic efficacy of rhBMP-2 produced in-house in combination with gelatin sponge as the scaffold carrier in a rabbit radial defect model. The...

Tryptophol [2-(3-indolyl)-ethanol], a well-known constituent of terrestrial plants and microorganisms, has so far been isolated from tryptophan fermentations, plant seedlings, Aspergillus niger, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Ceratocystis spp., and Rhizobium spp. (Buckingham, 1994). We have now isolated tryptophol from the marine sponge Ircinia spinulosa collected from the Aegean Sea. In addition t...

Sponges are important components of reef communities worldwide, fulfilling a number of important functional roles. Habitat degradation caused by the loss of hard corals has the potential to cause increases in sponge abundance and percentage cover as they gain access to resources such as space and food. In this study we compared sponge densities and percentage cover at sites with varying hard co...