Doping, or in more morally neutral terms, enhancement, has always been present in sport practice and not only at the present time, which is marked by professionalism and competitiveness. The latest development in doping seems linked to biotechnological advances, and one of the techniques that will apparently be particularly important in the near future is neuroscience, notably transcranial stim...

social marketing is defined as applying marketing tools to achievedesired social targets. in other words, social marketing is the usage ofcommercial methods to increase a target group's ability to admit a belief oran action. in this article, the effect of sport clubs reputation and name on animprovement and a change in their fans' behavior was studied. using semmethod, the results dem...

Background. Information and communication Technology, allows institutions and organizations that doing their business activities and exchanges, with high speed and flexibility. In fact, electronic-commerce has created a massive revolution in Business style and global trading. Objectives. The goal of this study was identifying of Effective Factors on Development of the Electronic Marketing Capa...

by George Wright* T his contribution aims to assess the relationship between sport and globalization. Modern sport originated in the mid-nineteenth century in Great Britain and the United States. Professional sports were organized in mining and industrial towns and cities as businesses, while amateur spectator sports, particularly “American” football, were introduced on university campuses. As ...

The strategy of the International Council for Coach Education (ICCE) has placed the development of sport coaching as a profession at the core of the mission of the organisation. The authors examine the basis for this aspiration against criteria associated with established professions, taking into account the unique features of sport coaching. It is concluded that, at a global level, sport coach...

Objective: Applied sport psychology (ASP) literature reveals a number of publications on reflective practice and professional philosophies of well-established sport psychology consultants. However, there is much less interest in studying how novice consultants make the first steps in their careers and how they perceive the field of ASP in their respective countries and themselves within the fie...

Although the issue of doping an substances is one of the very popular scientifi c topics in the world, these kinds of research are very rare in Croatia. Th is paper looks at some aspects of using doping and substances in sport and discusses the reasons which have been considered to be fundamental for the growth of this problem lately, based on the professional and scientifi c experience of the ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the outcome of athletes returning to contact sport with indwelling fracture implants. METHOD A retrospective analysis of professional rugby union players competing in the South Wales premier league. RESULTS Fifteen athletes were identified who had returned to competitive rugby union with retained fracture implants during the period 1990-97. After fracture fixation, the p...