Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease characterized by hyper responsiveness and variable airway resistance. This study showed that all the patients had cough and tightness of the chest, while 95% of patients were breathless and 90% of the patients experienced wheeze. There were associated allergies, which include rhinitis (75%), pharyngitis (54%), conjunctivitis (54%) and eczema (30%). ...

IN the past 30 years there has been an increasingly scientific approach to sporting activities of all types, and athletes and their advisers have begun to ask for a number of specialist services. With this in mind it was decided to open a sports injury clinic, initially as a pilot scheme, in the accident and emergency department of the Belfast City Hospital. All acute or serious sporting injuri...

It is well known that non-cognitive skills are an important determinant of success in life. However, their returns are not simple to measure and, as a result, relatively few studies have dealt with this empirical question. We consider sports participation while at school as one way of improving or signalling the individual’s non-cognitive skills endowment. We use four waves of Add Health data t...

By investigating the personality congruence between brands and sporting events, this study explores which brands and sporting events fit together best. The results of our survey, which included 373 student-subjects, showed that the pairing of “sincerity” brands and “diligence” sporting events yielded the best brand-event personality fit and sponsorship effectiveness. Through structural-relation...

This book represents a delightful collection of essays on Welsh sport, in particular the Welsh sport of rugby union football and its place in Welsh society. Gareth Williams has provided sports historians with some of the best accounts of sport in the Principality over the years and 1905 And All That is no exception. Avid readers of sports history will recognise some of the articles, however, si...

Posterior fracture-dislocation of hip is uncommonly encountered in rugby injuries. We report such a case in an adult while playing rugby. The treating orthopaedician can be caught unaware and injuries in such sports can be potentially misdiagnosed as hip sprains. Immediate reduction of the dislocation was performed in theatres. The fracture was fixed with two lag screws and a neutralization pla...

Five active athletes with acute medial elbow rupture were treated with muscle-ligamentous repair and a spiked washer. All patients regained full strength as well as stability of the elbow, and resumed previous sporting activities within 3 months of surgery. Early surgical repair of the ligament and flexor mass should be considered for active athletes who exhibit gross instability of the elbow o...

Traumatic avulsions of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon are associated with young adults engaged in athletic activities such as football and rugby. The current report presents a case involving a 30-year-old man with traumatic avulsion of his flexor digitorum profundus and associated intra-articular distal phalangeal fracture secondary to injury during martial arts - an unusual cause of thi...

Maxillofacial trauma is typically caused by blunt trauma due to interpersonal violence, moving vehicle accidents (MVA), falls, or sporting activities . Because these activities transcend cultural and geographic borders, maxillofacial trauma remains a global health issue. Technological advances have resulted in faster methods of transportation and with these developments maxillofacial trauma has...