This research work depends on enhancing the execution of the diesel engine when they utilized bio diesel oil as an optional fuel without real alteration of engine design. It is also required to grow non edible feed stocks in the waste or marginal land of Gujarat. Work goal is to recognize best suitable Bio-Diesel mix by keeping numerous parameters on it. Bio-Diesel mixes will be given credit sc...

Aimed at the face film characteristics of Main Pump Seal (MPS), related theoretical calculation formulas were deduced based on the Reynolds equation. A case with a certain NPPS is carried out, it is take the leakage as the basic constraint conditions, the calculation focusing on leakage, stiffness and opening force, the end cone angle and clearance change been the main changed parameters. The r...

Liquid fuel dispersion in practical systems is typically achieved by spraying the fuel into a polydisperse distribution of droplets evaporating and burning in a turbulent gaseous environment In view of the nearly insurmountable difficulties of this two-phase flow, a systematic study of spray evaporation and burning in configurations of gradually increasing levels of complexity, starting from la...

Spray modeling is a critical component to engine combustion and emissions simulations. Accurate spray modeling often requires a fine computational mesh for better numerical resolutions. This, in turn, will require extensive computer time. A major concern for the successful application of computational methods in an industrial environment is its capability to handle complex configurations with a...

The objective of the present work is to correlate the timedependent flow characteristics of cryogen sprays to the induced thermal dynamics at the surface of a human skin model. First, a numerical analysis to evaluate our skin model is carried out. Next, diameter and axial velocity of droplets impinging onto the skin model are measured. Diameter, velocity and surface temperature are acquired sim...

A number of analytical models predicting the size distribution of particles during atomization of Al-based alloys by N2, He and Ar gases were compared. Simulations of liquid break up in a close coupled atomizer revealed that the finer particles are located near the center of the spray cone. Increasing gas injection pressures led to an overall reduction of particle diameters and caused a migrati...

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A compact light guide plate (LGP) with special designed microstructures and dual collimated light sources was proposed to achieve an adjustable viewing angle backlight for eco-display. The micro-prisms were utilized to guide the emitting rays toward normal viewing cones while a set of strip patterned diffuser toward wide viewing cones. The uniformity of spatial luminous can reach 91% / 87% at v...

Heat transfer rate at the skin-air interface is of critical importance for the benefits of cryogen spray cooling in combination with laser therapy of shallow subsurface skin lesions, such as port -wine stain birthmarks. With some cryogen spray devices, a layer of liquid cryogen builds up on the skin surface during the spurt, which may impair heat transfer across the skin surface due to relative...

We prove an “Earthquake Theorem” for closed hyperbolic surfaces with cone singularities where the total angle is less than π: the action of the space of measured laminations on Teichmüller space by left earthquakes is simply transitive. This is strongly related to another result: the space of “globally hyperbolic” AdS manifolds with cone singularities (of given angle) along time-like geodesics ...