Percutaneous electrical stimuli (up to 600 V) were applied over the cervical spinal cord to evoke responses in the biceps brachii and thenar muscles. Cathodal stimulation over the C7 spinous process was more effective than anodal stimulation or stimulation over the C5 or C3 spinous process. As the stimulus intensity was increased, the response amplitude increased and the latency decreased. When...

The response of anesthetized squirrel monkey anterior parietal (SI) cortex to 25 or 200 Hz sinusoidal vertical skin displacement stimulation was studied using the method of optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging. Twenty-five-Hertz ("flutter") stimulation of a discrete skin site on either the hindlimb or forelimb for 3-30 s evoked a prominent increase in absorbance within cytoarchitectonic areas...

BACKGROUND A common control condition for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies is to apply stimulation at the vertex. An assumption of vertex stimulation is that it has relatively little influence over on-going brain processes involved in most experimental tasks, however there has been little attempt to measure neural changes linked to vertex TMS. Here we directly test this assumptio...

Creative cognition is frequently described as involving two primary processes, idea generation and idea selection. A growing body of research has used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to examine the neural mechanisms implicated in each of these processes. This literature has yielded a diverse set of findings that vary depending on the location and type (anodal, cathodal, or both) ...

Background: In Parkinson’s disease, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus internus (GPi) produces comparable motor benefits. Although both increases risk cognition and verbal fluency (VF) decline, is greater following STN-DBS. The consequences stimulating these different sites on network activity unknown. We use functional magnetic resonance imaging (f...

OBJECTIVES Modulation detection thresholds (MDTs) vary across stimulation sites in a cochlear implant (CI) electrode array in a manner that is subject and ear specific. Previous studies have demonstrated that speech recognition with a CI can be improved by site-selection strategies, where selected stimulation sites with poor modulation sensitivity are removed from a subject's processor MAP. Lim...

Abstract In this study, we investigate numerically the hydro-mechanical behavior of fractured crystalline rock due to one five hydraulic stimulations at Pohang Enhanced Geothermal site in South Korea. We use commercial code FracMan (Golder Associates) that enables studying coupled processes media three dimensions combining finite element method with a discrete fracture network. The software is ...

In this computational study we investigate coordinated reset (CR) neuromodulation designed for an effective control of synchronization by multi-site stimulation of neuronal target populations. This method was suggested to effectively counteract pathological neuronal synchrony characteristic for several neurological disorders. We study how many stimulation sites are required for optimal CR-induc...

OBJECTIVE Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been reported to be effective in alleviating the symptoms of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Although recent studies suggest that STN stimulation may be superior to GPi stimulation, a randomized, blinded comparison has not been reported. The present study was designed to provide a p...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) according to the stimulation site in subacute stroke patients with dysphagia. METHODS This study was designed as a matched comparative study. Twenty-four patients who had dysphagia after ischemic stroke were recruited, and they were divided into two groups after matching for age and stroke lesion. The p...