How pathogenic bacteria adapt and evolve in the complex and variable environment of the host remains a largely unresolved question. Here we have used whole genome sequencing of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 populations serially passaged in mice to identify mutations that adapt bacteria to systemic growth in mice. We found unique pathoadaptive mutations in two global regulators, ph...

The traditional hazard analysis approaches applied to the socio-technical system can not cover the complex organization structures, the interactions between systems and human behaviors, the interrelated factors among sub-systems and the safety culture of specific societies. This paper presents an integrated hazard identification methodology named BFM-STPA(STPA hazard identification Based on For...

The effects of spermidine analogues [norspermidine (NSPD, 33), spermidine (SPD, 34), homospermidine (HSPD, 44) and aminopropylcadaverine (APCAD, 35)] on cell growth were studied using Escherichia coli polyamine-requiring mutant MA261. Cell growth was compared at 32°C, 37°C, and 42°C. All four analogues were taken up mainly by the PotABCD spermidine-preferential uptake system. The degree of stim...

Systems of today are becoming more complex; they have many levels the control hierarchy, software-intensive, use different networks, increasing processing power, a diversity devices, and require integration. Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is technique that being used to analyze safety those systems at concept stage. For design phase, STPA can be combined with SysML modeling activitie...

The air traffic environment is a complex system that involves several players. Between the navigation service provider (ANPS) and final client, many different organizations act with purposes but are strongly interfaced. Changes modifications in terms of technology, predefined process, or personnel constantly needed, requiring coordination among stakeholders. However, due to high level interacti...

Disulfide bond formation catalyzed by disulfide oxidoreductases occurs in the periplasm and plays a major role in the proper folding and integrity of many proteins. In this study, we were interested in elucidating factors that influence the regulation of dsbA, a gene coding for the primary disulfide oxidoreductase found in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Strains with mutations created ...

Formal verification and testing are complementary approaches which are used in the development process to verify the functional correctness of software. However, the correctness of software cannot ensure the safe operation of safety-critical software systems. The software must be verified against its safety requirements which are identified by safety analysis, to ensure that potential hazardous...

• The first systems-theoretic analysis of Norwegian avalanche rescue performance. STAMP based revealed weaknesses in risk management. emergency services demonstrated insufficient compliance with guidelines. A causal offered common explanations for recurrent unsafe control actions. safety structure should be operationalized as required and recommended. Snow avalanches crossing roads constitute a...

Urban mobility is in the midst of a revolution, driven by convergence technologies such as artificial intelligence, on-demand ride services, and Internet-connected self-driving vehicles. Technological advancements often lead to new hazards. Coupled with increased levels automation connectivity generation autonomous vehicles, cybersecurity emerging key threat affecting these Traditional hazard a...