Theories of category-based human inductive reasoning typically rely on either associative or structured knowledge about relationships between categories. Here, we test a prediction, derived from a hybrid theory that utilizes both kinds of knowledge representation, that participants will experience conflict on a reasoning task in which associative and structured knowledge support different respo...

This paper deals with an application of unification and rewriting to Lambek categorial grammars used in the field of computational linguistics. Unification plays a crucial role in the acquisition of categorial grammar acquisition, as in [Kan98] ; a modified unification has been proposed [For01a] in this context for Lambek categorial grammars, to give an account of their logical part. This modif...

This paper revisits the classical neuroscience paradigm of Hebbian learning. We nd that a necessary requirement for eeective as-sociative memory learning is that the eecacies of the incoming synapses should be uncorrelated. This requirement is diicult to achieve in a robust manner by Hebbian synaptic learning, since it depends on network level information. EEective learning can yet be obtained ...

defined by the shuffle of tensors. If the product of A is commutative, then the bar differential is a derivation with respect to the shuffle product so that B(A) is still an associative and commutative differential graded algebra. Unfortunately, in algebraic topology, algebras are usually commutative only up to homotopy: a motivating example is provided by the cochain algebra of a topological s...

Biological visual systems are extraordinarily capable of recovering the shape and brightness of objects from sparse and fragmentary information. Using functional magnetic imaging, we show that two associative areas of the dorsal pathway--in the caudal region of the intrapariatal sulcus and in the lateral occipital sulcus--respond specifically to the Craik-O'Brien-Cornsweet illusion generated by...

Associative activation is commonly assumed to rely on associative strength, such that if A is strongly associated with B, B is activated whenever A is activated. We challenged this assumption by examining whether the activation of associations is state dependent. In three experiments, subjects performed a free-association task while the level of a simultaneous load was manipulated in various wa...

Some patients with disorders affecting the hippocampus have relatively intact memory, but the mechanisms underlying this preservation of function are still debated. In particular, it is unclear whether preserved memory is attributable to significant residual function of unaffected hippocampus or to functional brain reorganization. Here, we investigated brain activation during an associative sho...

Contextual cueing is a visual search phenomenon in which memory of global visual context guides spatial attention towards task-relevant portions of the search display. Recent work has shown that the learning processes underlying contextual cueing exhibit primacy effects; they are more sensitive to early experience than to later experience. These results appear to pose difficulties for associati...

The rapid advances in information retrieval, especially with visualisation-oriented user interface design, highlight the need for an understanding of the interplay between cognitive abilities of users and the design of visual user interfaces. In this study, we focus on two aspects of memory abilities of users in attempts to reveal their roles in facilitating information-seeking tasks. In partic...

This paper reports an experiment which explores how our semantic representations of individual objects are organized and accessed in memory and how these representations are inter-linked with those of other individuals. A priming experiment was conducted to investigate the relations between singular representations of famous individuals from four categories (person, building, artwork and produc...