Currently, about 75% of Finnish reinforced polyester lamination workers are exposed to styrene concentrations exceeding the current occupational exposure limit of 20 ppm. Several measures have been proposed to control styrene exposure, but only a few of them are capable of keeping the styrene concentration below 20 ppm. The present study was carried out to evaluate current ventilation systems i...

Usually the Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation of styrene predominantly yields the branched, chiral aldehyde. An inversion of regioselectivity can be achieved using strong π-acceptor ligands. Binaphthol-based diphosphite and bis(dipyrrolyl-phosphorodiamidite) ligands were applied in the Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation of styrene. High selectivities up to 83% of 3-phenylpropanal were obtained with 1,1-...

In order to determine the chemical composition distribution (CCD) of styrene-butadiene copolymers, gradient polymer elution chromatography has been performed. The separation is mainly based on differences in solubility among the copolymer molecules with different chemical composition. The solubility of a copolymer is dependent on the following parameters: temperature, type of solvent/non-solven...

Background: Liver is an important organ that responsible for biological detoxification. There are few studies about the effect of co-exposure to organic solvents and noise on hepatic system enzymes. The study aim was to assess the effects of short-term exposure to noise and styrene on rat liver enzymes. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, we studied the liver enzymes of male r...

In order to design a biocatalyst for the production of optically pure styrene oxide, an important building block in organic synthesis, the metabolic pathway and molecular biology of styrene degradation in Pseudomonas sp. strain VLB120 was investigated. A 5.7-kb XhoI fragment, which contained on the same strand of DNA six genes involved in styrene degradation, was isolated from a gene library of...

Styrene is a high production chemical; the production capacity for styrene in the United States was over 12 billion pounds in 2008. Small amounts of styrene are naturally present in foods such as legumes, beef, clams, eggs, nectarines, and spices. It can also be present in packaged foods by migration from polystyrene food containers and packaging materials. Styrene is a combustion product of ci...

One method of reducing styrene emissions from vinyl ester (VE) and unsaturated polyester resins (UPE) is to replace some or all of the styrene with fatty acid-based monomers. Methacrylated fatty acid (MFA) monomers are ideal candidates because they are inexpensive, have low volatilities, and free-radically polymerize with vinyl ester. The viscosity of VE resins using these fatty acid monomers r...

Styrene is efficiently metabolized to styrene oxide, which is itself readily detoxified by the same enzymes as those involved in the metabolism of various foodstuffs. Styrene oxide, like many intermediate metabolites of foodstuffs, is genotoxic and, if introduced directly into the stomachs of rodents in high doses/concentrations, gives rise to cancers of the forestomach. Exposing mice to doses ...

Styrene is pneumotoxic in mice. It is metabolized by pulmonary microsomes of both mouse and rat to styrene oxide (SO), presumed to be the toxic metabolite of styrene, and known to be genotoxic. To determine which pulmonary cell types are responsible for styrene metabolism, and which cytochromes P450 are associated with the bioactivation of styrene, we isolated enriched fractions of mouse and ra...