Piglets, separated from their dam at 12 days of age and fed a milk substitute hourly, were used as a model for suckling. Animals were fitted with a terminal ileal T-cannula and a jugular vein catheter. At 28 days of age, half of the pigs had a dietary change to a cereal-based weaner diet fed as slurry, and the others remained on milk substitute. Animals were labelled by oral administration of 1...

Human milk fat substitute (HMFS), one of the vital ingredients of infant formula, constitutes about 50% of energy intake for many infants. The composition of HMFS depends on the raw material and the production technology. Both human and animal studies have shown that absorption of fats and minerals are affected by triacylglycerol structures and fatty acid compositions of HMFS. Additionally, the...

Human milk obtained from 21 American nursing mothers was studied for the presence of secretory immunoglobulin A antibody to rotavirus, the most common etiological agent of infantile gastroenteritis. Antibody was quantitated by adaptation of a recently described solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique that employs simian rotavirus as a convenient substitute antigen for human rotavirus. Of the mot...

OBJECTIVE To compare an alternative method to the most probable number (MPN) test for the detection of total coliform present in manually expressed human milk. METHODS 343 samples of manually expressed human milk from flasks donated to the Human Milk Bank of Instituto Fernandes Figueira--IFF were sent to the Laboratory of Food Control of IFF. The samples were used for comparing both methods, ...

In discussing whether or not homologous milk is an advantage to the young (Le., whether feeding the young of a species milk of the same species confers an advantage over a substitute derived from milk of another species), we are still largely reduced to the old teleological arguments: the milk of a species is appropriate for the growth of the young of that species, therefore, growth and develop...

this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of alfalfa hay (ah) particle size and soybean hull (sh) on physical effective fibre (pendf), particle size distribution in diets, chewing activity as well as milk composition and production in early lactating dairy cows. eight lactating holstein cows averaging 590±33 kg of bw and 47±13 days in milk were assigned in a 4×4 latin square design to a ...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of length of chop of corn silage and forage:concentrate ratio (F:C) on performance and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows supplemented with flaxseed. Our hypothesis was that decreasing forage particle length and F:C ratio would increase unsaturated fatty acid flow to the small intestine and subsequent transfer of these unsaturated fatty acids into mi...

Cheese analogue is a substitute for milk cheese, which is similar in composition, appearance, characteristics and even in its intended use. In cheese analogues, the milk protein and milk fat are partly or wholly replaced by vegetable proteins (i.e. peanut protein, soybean protein) and vegetable fats and oils (i.e. partly hydrogenated vegetable fat like soybean, palm, etc). Cheese analogue are f...