11 Anthropogenic and biogenic controls on the surface-atmosphere exchange of CO2 are explored 12 for three different environments. Similarities are seen between suburban and woodland sites during 13 summer, when photosynthesis and respiration determine the diurnal pattern of the CO2 flux. In 14 winter, emissions from human activities dominate urban and suburban fluxes; building emissions 15 inc...

The recent development of lightweight GPS collars has enabled medium-to-small sized animals to be tracked via GPS telemetry. Evaluation of the performance and accuracy of GPS collars is largely confined to devices designed for large animals for deployment in natural environments. This study aimed to assess the performance of lightweight GPS collars within a suburban environment, which may be di...

Increased urban sprawl and increased vehicular traffic have resulted in an increased number of traffic fatalities, the majority of which occur near intersections. According to the National Highway Safety Administration, one out of eight fatalities occurring at intersections is a pedestrian. An intelligent, real-time system capable of predicting situations leading to accidents or near misses wil...

Within the last decade, reproductive abnormalities have been discovered in wild amphibian populations of multiple species and in a variety of regions in North America. Predominantly, these field studies have focused on agricultural landscapes. In this study, we worked in suburban environments based on preliminary evidence showing that amphibian populations can display surprisingly high frequenc...

Satellite dishes like this owned by Wood Television Corp. in Bowling Green, Ohio, receive broadcast signals and retransmit them through the cable to subscribers. Rural local governments tend to regulate cable television (CTV) far less effectively than suburban local governments. That is the major conclusion from a survey of 119 small municipal governments in Maryland. Rural governments need to ...

The diversity of housing-unit supply in suburban areas has been a central concern for planners and policy makers for at least 50 years. Absence of census crosstabulation data on housing unit structure-type by unit-size (number of bedrooms), has limited our understanding of the historical and regional evolution of relative suburban housing-unit diversity. I use census microdata to estimate measu...

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were successfully applied to data observations from a small watershed consisting of commonly measured indicator bacteria, weather conditions, and turbidity to distinguish between human sewage and animal-impacted runoff, fresh runoff from aged, and agricultural land-use-associated fresh runoff from that of suburban land-use-associated-fresh runoff. The ANNs were...

There has been a long-standing debate about whether urban living is more or less sustainable than suburban living, and quality of life (QoL) is one of several key measures of the social sustainability of residential living. However, to our knowledge, no study to date has examined life satisfaction among residents of downtown high-rise living compared to residents living in suburban low-rise hou...

BACKGROUND Exposure to cockroach allergen is prevalent in inner-city homes and is associated with an increased risk of cockroach sensitization. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the prevalence of cockroach allergen exposure in suburban middle-class homes and to study its relationship to cockroach sensitization. METHODS Children with asthma, 6 to 17 years of age, were recruited from 3 pediatr...

There are 16.9 million Americans living in poverty in the suburbs-more than in cities or rural communities. Despite recent increases in suburban poverty, the perception of the suburbs as areas of uniform affluence remains, and there has been little research into health care barriers experienced by people living in these areas. The objectives of this study were to compare patterns of insurance c...