CHEMICAL WARFARE HAS EXisted for millennia. As far back as 1000 BC, the Chinese used arsenical smoke as a weapon. In the last century, chemical agents have been used in warfare on numerous occasions, from World War I to the Iran-Iraq conflict. The world remains vulnerable to the deliberate use of chemical agents as weapons of mass destruction. Chemical attacks can be delivered with almost any t...

Abstract: In order to analyze the distribution rules and influence of stray current on subway rectangulartunneland subway Shield tunnel, threedimensional models were built separately. By changing the values of carry-current, ansys was used toanalyzeunder different geological conditions.Simulations show that the potential attenuation is nonlinear from the subway tunnel to the surrounding undergr...

The exposure level and distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria and fungi were assessed in the workers' activity areas (station office, bedroom, ticket office and driver's seat) and passengers' activity areas (station precinct, inside the passenger carriage, and platform) of the Seoul metropolitan subway. Among investigated areas, the levels of airborne bacteria and fungi in the worker...

Subway is consisted of tunnels, platforms and ventilation shafts. The air flow between these structures forms a ventilation network. There is a need for fire modeling tools capable of both rapid and precise simulation for fire and smoke propagation in such ventilation network. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is widely used in subway fire performance design. However, the boundary conditions u...

BACKGROUND There were several suicide events of subway drivers in Korea. The aim of this study is to explore work-related factors associated with suicide ideation among subway drivers. METHODS We analyzed data from 980 male subway drivers. A section of the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI 2.1) was administered by trained interviewers to judge whether ...

The number of subway suicides in Vienna increased dramatically between 1984 and mid-1987. In the second-half of 1987 there was a decrease of 75% which has been sustained for 5 yr. This reduction in subway suicides began when a working group of the Austrian Association for Suicide Prevention developed media guidelines and initiated discussions with the media which culminated with an agreement to...

We surveyed 7318 customers from 275 randomly selected restaurants of 11 fast food chains. Participants purchased a mean of 827 calories, with 34% purchasing 1000 calories or more. Unlike other chains, Subway posted calorie information at point of purchase and its patrons more often reported seeing calorie information than patrons of other chains (32% vs 4%; P<.001); Subway patrons who saw calor...

Increasingly, many American fast food restaurants are marketing their food as being healthier, often by introducing new menu items that have less fat, fewer calories, and that fit into a broader range of nondiscretionary categories of the food pyramid. However, no fast food restaurant has focused on the “healthiness” of its products to the extent that Subway Restaurant has over the past near de...

With the rapid progress of modern cities, the railway construction must be developing quickly in China.As a typical high-density country, shopping center on the subway should be one important factor during the process of urban development. The paper discusses the influence of the layout of shopping center on the subway, and put it in the time and space’s axis of Shanghai urban development. We u...

This design takes STM32 single chip microcomputer as the core, and uses keil compiling environment of program in software. The circuit schematic diagram subway monitoring system is drawn on Altium designer.STM32 microcomputer, infrared monitoring, temperature humidity sensor, pressure LCD display, voice broadcasting system, alarm Switches other hardware are connected together by hand welding to...