The isolated arterially perfused eye preparation has proven to be comparable to the in vivo model in many respects. However, the existence of "supernormal" b-wave amplitudes in the perfused eyes has remained an unexplained functional difference between the two preparations. The term "supernormal" reflected the observation that at high perfusate flow rates the amplitude of the b-wave from the pe...

• During investigations of the effects of excercise and sympathomimetic amines on right ventricular function in unanesthetized dogs with normal or hypertrophied right ventricles, a circulatory state characterized by a supernormal stroke volume and cardiac output and by a decreased systemic vascular resistance was demonstrated in dogs studied 10 to 14 days after the release of chronic pulmonary ...

Certain temporal patterns of A-V and V-A transmission in experimental preparations resemble phenomena attributed to "supernormal" conduction in the clinic. Detailed study of the properties of the A-V transmission system in such experiments reveals alternative explanations in which supernormality is clearly eliminated. By application of similar principles, supernormality can be eliminated as a f...

Previous experiments have concluded that better-than-normal performance in localization could be achieved with "supernormal" auditory localization cues; however, different exposure conditions during training (e.g., the presence or absence of visual cues) affected the subjects' ability to adapt. This study was undertaken to determine which intersensory effects are necessary and sufficient to ach...

The paper presents a Kripke semantics for a multi-agent generalization of Levesque’s logic of “only knowing”. We prove soundness and completeness and show that the logic has the Finite model property. The logic satisfies a Modal reduction theorem to the effect that any complex syntactical representation can be syntactically reduced to a provably equivalent form which directly reflects all the m...

This study explicitly rejects the prima facie proposition that top-tier investment banks are capable of delivering supernormal value creation to shareholders a REIT acquirer in corporate acquisition. Using event method, we find acquirers advised by market-leading suffer an average cumulative abnormal return −4.41% following M&A announcement, whereas non-top-tier only −1.49%. The evidence sh...