Huygens' principle is a well-known concept in electromagnetics that dates back to 1690. Here, it is applied to develop designer surfaces that provide extreme control of electromagnetic wave fronts across electrically thin layers. These reflectionless surfaces, referred to as metamaterial Huygens' surfaces, provide new beam shaping, steering, and focusing capabilities. The metamaterial Huygens' ...

In common media, electromagnetic wave always possesses a fluctuant field variation, analogous to an undulant surface of sea. While electromagnetic wave in the media with zero index metamaterials (ZIMs), whose refractive indices are near zero, homogeneous or constant field distribution will emerge, resembling a tranquil surface of lake. Such impression almost could be found in all previous liter...

A theoretical procedure in which a spheroidal coordinate separation-of-variables solution is used is developed for the determination of the internal and the near-surface electromagnetic fields for an arbitrary monochromatic field that is incident upon a homogeneous spheroidal particle. Calculations are presented for both the prolate and the oblate geometries, demonstrating the effects of partic...

A rectangular waveguide band-stop filter using electromagnetic crystals (EMXT) surface as the top and bottom walls is presented in this letter. The EMXT surface has a band gap that can prevent electromagnetic wave from propagating along the waveguide. Dispersion properties of the waveguide filter are analyzed using an approximated lumped-element circuit model. A W-band prototype based on the pr...

electromagnetic waves can damage sex organs and cause hormonal disorders, and garlic isknown to reduce risk factors for various diseases. the aim of this study was to investigate theprobable effects of mobile phone radiation and the consumption of garlic on testosterone levelsand testicular changes. five groups of rats were used: control, sham (exposed to 900 mhzwavelength), experimental group ...

The paper deals with the theoretical investigation of plane, normally incident electromagnetic wave transmission through the flat metal film whose dielectric constant has small periodical sinusoidal modulation in one dimension parallel to the projection of the electric field onto the film surface. The dependencies of the film transmittancy on the parameters of the problem (frequency, modulation...

Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSN) consist of wireless devices that operate below the ground surface. These devices are buried completely under dense soil, thus electromagnetic wave transmits only through soil medium. However, the high attenuation that caused by soil is the main challenge for the electromagnetic wave transmission for WUSN. In this study, architecture of wireless underg...

A new kind of metamaterial, an array of periodic gold rod pairs standing on gold substrate, is introduced in this paper. A commercial electromagnetic mode solver, the High-Frequency Structure Simulator, is employed to explore the propagation property of electromagnetic waves in this system. When an S -polarized electromagnetic (EM) wave propagates along the substrate surface, strong magnetic re...

We demonstrate the utility of three-dimensional 3D optical Wannier functions WF’s for quantitative description of electromagnetic wave localization and propagation in 3D photonic band gap PBG microcircuits. Using these localized “optical orbitals” we reconstruct electromagnetic waveguiding in bulk twodimensional 2D and 3D PBG materials, 2D-3D PBG heterostructures composed of 3D PBG structures i...