Current practice guidelines recommend administration of surfactant at or soon after birth in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. However, recent multicenter randomized controlled trials indicate that early use of continuous positive airway pressure with subsequent selective surfactant administration in extremely preterm infants results in lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasi...

A new method combining axisymmetric drop shape analysis (ADSA) and a captive bubble (CB) is proposed to study the effect of surfactant on interfacial gas transfer. In this method, gas transfer from a static CB to the surrounding quiescent liquid is continuously recorded for a short period (i.e., 5 min). By photographical analysis, ADSA-CB is capable of yielding detailed information pertinent to...

Abstract Capillary forces result in the trapping of oleic phase porous media even after extensive flushing with brine. Alkali‐surfactant‐polymer formulations drastically diminish capillary forces, whereas adding polymer to water increases viscous resulting highly efficient extraction residual oil. However, by virtue its scale, above process requires a large quantity chemicals, which poses threa...

INTRODUCTION The irradiation of blood components is used to inactivate T-lymphocytes to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host (GVH) disease in susceptible recipients. X-irradiation can be used as an alternative to gamma irradiation and does not involve the use of a radioactive source. This study investigated the effect of X-irradiation on the quality of various red cell concentrates ...

Serious power quality issues and huge economic loss can be caused by voltage sag. It’s helpful for grid corporation to estimate voltage sag loss. Voltage sag and influence of sensitive equipment are analyzed in the paper. An estimation method of voltage sag loss based on blind number theory is proposed, which takes the sag magnitude and duration as its main characteristic parameters. First Eucl...

Enhancing compensating capability is essential in a voltage-sag compensator. It involves two main aspects, first, sag detection technique and second, voltage sag compensator. Many detection techniques have been introduced to measure and to detect voltage sag, such as RMSValue Evaluation and Peak-Value Evaluation. Unfortunately, most of the techniques require a delay for sag to be detected then ...

We have recently cloned and characterized an evolutionarily conserved gene, Sensitive to Apoptosis Gene (SAG), which encodes a redox-sensitive antioxidant protein that protects cells from apoptosis induced by redox agents. The SAG protein was later found to be the second family member of ROC/Rbx/Hrt, a component of the Skp1-cullin-F box protein (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase, being required for yeas...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a pulmonary disease with a mortality rate of ∼40% and 75,000 deaths annually in the United States. Mechanical ventilation restores airway patency and gas transport but leads to ventilator-induced lung injury. Furthermore, surfactant replacement therapy is ineffective due to surfactant delivery difficulties and deactivation by vascular proteins leaking into...

In Paramecium primaurelia surface antigen (SAg) expression can be experimentally controlled by temperature-shift-induced antigenic variation. As only one SAg is usually expressed at the cell surface under stable environmental conditions, we used the temperature-shift-induced change in SAg to follow the newly expressed antigen and the disappearing one, by both immunofluorescence and immunogold e...

To explain enhanced retention of water insoluble gases and water insoluble particulate matter (tar)when smoke is inhaled we propose that these compounds interact physically with phospholipids forming the mono-molecular layer of surfactant lining the alveolar epithelium. This would account for the alteration in surface tension lowering properties of surfactant when exposed to whole smoke but not...