The Internet is emerging as the new universal telecommunication medium. IP over WDM has been envisioned as one of the most attractive architectures for the new Internet. Consequently survivability is a crucial concern in designing IP over WDM networks. This paper presents a survey of the survivability mechanisms for IP over WDM networks. A number of optical layer protection techniques have been...

Realistic survivable systems must assume that faults will occur within the system. When a malicious fault is activated, it may work to cause damage and to spread; until the system has recovered from this damage, it will have a lower degree of survivability than it did before the fault occurred. By proactively containing faults that would otherwise spread throughout the system, we can reduce the...

Due to the growing demand for high definition music and video content, an overlay multicasting providing live streaming services has been gaining popularity over last years. In this paper, we focus on applying the overlay multicasting for delivering of critical data that require to be transmitted safely, intact and with as little delay as possible, e.g., financial data, software security patche...

In the dynamic, complex and unbounded Grid systems, failures of Grid resources caused by malicious attacks and hardware failures are inevitable and can have an adverse effect on the execution of applications. Therefore it becomes an important and difficult issue to guarantee that the applications execute normally in Grid environment. To alleviate this problem, the survivability-driven schedulin...

In this chapter we will look at causes of fiber cable failures, identify the impacts of outage, and relate these to the goals for restoration speed. We then provide an overview of the different basic principles and techniques for network survivability. This provides a first overview appreciation of the basic approaches of span, path and p-cycle based survivability which we treat in depth in lat...

BACKGROUND In households and food processing plants, minute food residues left behind from improper cleaning may influence the survivability of human norovirus on surfaces. In this study, the survivability of norovirus on desiccated food residue-attached stainless steel coupons was investigated. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using murine norovirus-1 (MNV-1) as a surrogate of human norovirus,...

This paper investigates the survivability of a water cleaning facility using Fluid Stochastic Petri Nets (FSPN). Water cleaning facilities are responsible for providing drinking water to a specific district. The provided service is very important and makes such facilities belong to a nation’s critical infrastructures. Therefore, such a facility should be able to recover in a timely manner after...

This research introduces a new paradigm to survivability. The philosophy of the approach is to consider a hierarchical solution space, where survivability features for speci c attacks are applied at the lowest suitable level. Whereas the hierarchy as a whole is assumed to represent a comprehensive solution, each level is limited in scope to deal with attacks which have speci c characteristics. ...

The convergence of IP and optical network through the GMPLS common control plane motivates a new paradigm of integrated network management, in which multiple network layers cooperate to make the most use of available network resources. We illustrate how this new management paradigm makes possible intelligent survivable networks. We propose four components necessary to achieve differentiated end...

Previous research has identified design principles that enable survivability for systems, but it is unclear if these principles are appropriate and sufficient for systems of systems as well. This paper presents a preliminary examination of how some of the characteristic properties of systems of systems may enable or hinder survivability, based on existing design principles and a newly proposed ...