Background: Children with seizure disorder are often treated with sodium valproate (SV) on long-term basis. SV acts mainly through gamma amino butyric acid pathways, reducing the excitatory neurotransmission and modifying the monoamine concentration. Altered monoamine concentration by SV is expected to cause movement disorder and cognitive dysfunction, considered reversible after the withdrawal...

Cyclic-tension fatigue of aluminum alloy, Al-4Cu-1Mg, was determined by an analysis of diffracted SH and SV waves, passing through the surface and reflecting the bottom of the specimen, respectively. The internal friction of SV waves begins to increase from fatigue damage ratio(=N/Nf) of 0.5. This suggests increase of movable dislocation. From the analysis of SH waves, the logarithmic damping r...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The sinus venosus (SV) is not a well known source of atrial tachycardia (AT), but it can harbor AT during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 1223 patients who underwent catheter ablation for AF were reviewed. Electrophysiological and electrocardiographic characteristics and outcomes after catheter ablation of AT originating...

Objective To investigate the phenotypic relationships between aortic stiffness and left ventricular (LV) stroke volume (SV) and modes of deformation (longitudinal LD and radial -RD) at rest and stress, with preserved and compromised contractile capacity. Background Increased aortic stiffness, measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), is linked to a range of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and act...

Abbreviations: AR aortic regurgitation, AS aortic stenosis, AVA aortic valve area, CSA cross sectional area, CWD continuous wave Doppler, D diameter, HOCM hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, LV left ventricle, LVOT left ventricular outflow tract, MR mitral regurgitation, MS mitral stenosis, MVA mitral valve area, DP pressure gradient, RV right ventricle, RVOT right ventricular outflow trac...

Fowl (males more than females) show maturation-dependent rises in blood pressure (BP) and formation of neointimal plaques (NPs), resembling balloon catheter injury-induced neointima, in the abdominal aorta (AbA) just above the bifurcation. The plaque comprises neointimal cells containing abundant endoplasmic reticulum and extracellular matrix. Hence, we investigated whether rapid incremental BP...

Streak breakdown caused by a spanwise in ectional instability is one phase of the following transition scenarios, which occur in plane Poiseuille and Couette ow. The streamwise vortex scenario is described by (SV) streamwise vortices =) streamwise streaks =) streak breakdown =) transition: The oblique wave scenario is described by (OW) oblique waves =) streamwise vortices =) streamwise streaks ...

BACKGROUND Impedance cardiography (ICG) is an inexpensive, noninvasive technique for estimating hemodynamic parameters. ICG can be used to obtain the ejection fraction of the left atrium and to monitor systolic time intervals. Traditional ICG technique does not enable unambiguous detection of the left ventricle ejection time (LVET) and the time relationships between specific marker points. OB...

Seismic waves radiated by small crustal earthquakes are prone to multiple mode conversions caused reflection and transmission at interfaces, scattering small-scale heterogeneities in the bulk of medium. The goal this study is clarify complex interplay between volume interface reflections waveguides how it will impact energy propagation. To carry out task, we have incorporated a rigorous descrip...