We introduce the notion of a preindependence relation between subsets of the big model of a complete first-order theory, an abstraction of the properties which numerous concrete notions such as forking, dividing, thorn-forking, thorn-dividing, splitting or finite satisfiability share in all complete theories. We examine the relation between four additional axioms (extension, local character, fu...

Fig. 1 Gonometa postica: Moth, opened and entire cocoon. from rumen impaction in the North-Western Cape. Similar losses, reported by Edwards I from the Northern Transvaal in 1935, were caused by cocoons of the moth Gonometa rufubrennea. A related moth of the same genus, Gonometa postica (Walker) (fig. 1) occurs in the North-Western Cape, namely north of an imaginary line drawn from Mafeking to ...

Paliurus spina-christi Mill. (Rhamnaceae), also known as Christ's thorn, is a perennial thorny shrub of widespread distribution in dry and rocky places in the Mediterranean region and Asia. In Croatia, this plant grows along the Adriatic coast and on the islands (Polunin and Huxley, 1981). Christ's thorn is used as a diuretic, against diarrhoea and rheumatism in traditional Croatian herbal medi...

This paper describes how SWoRD (scaffolded writing and rewriting in the discipline), a web-based reciprocal peer review system, supports writing practice, particularly for large content courses in which writing is considered critical but not feasibly included. To help students gain content knowledge as well as writing and reviewing skills, SWoRD supports the whole cycle of writing, reviews, bac...

Studies of mate choice evolution tend to focus on how female mating preferences are acquired and how they select for greater elaboration of male traits. By contrast, far less is known about how female preferences might be lost or reversed. In swordtail fish Xiphophorus, female preference for the sword ornament is an ancestral trait. Xiphophorus birchmanni, however, is one species that has secon...

Structure and migration corridors in Paci®c populations of the Sword®sh Xiphius gladius, as inferred through analyses of mitochondrial DNA Abstract The sword®sh Xiphias gladius is a migratory oceanic species distributed in subtropical and temperate waters worldwide. Studies utilizing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have demonstrated genetic subdivision between ocean basins, as well as within the Atla...

Sexual selection via female mate choice can result in the evolution of elaborate male traits that incur substantial costs for males. Despite increased interest in how female mating preferences contribute to the evolution of male traits, few studies have directly quantified the locomotor costs of such traits. A sexually selected trait that could affect movement costs is the sword exhibited by ma...

INTRODUCTION Sub-acute septic arthritis of knee following a thorn prick injury to patella is an uncommon condition and seen in active playful children. The child may be afraid to narrate the incident to their parents or examining doctor, so a high index of suspicion is must. The delayed presentation is inevitable. Early synovitis due to the organic biological foreign body may progress to septic...

objectives: although breast milk is considered the best nutritional option for neonates, use of traditional supplements such as sugar water, camel thorn, and flix weed in the first week of life of infants is quite common in iran and many other countries. the aim of this study was to evaluate whether consuming such supplements has any impact on infant’s breastfeeding behavior. materials and meth...