Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV) is a fully closed loop ventilation where the operator input desired PEEP, FiO2 and target minute (MV) expressed as percentage according to ideal body weight. The ventilator selects respiratory pattern (tidal volume, rate, inspiratory time) based on observed mechanics. However, there are no published guidelines settings adjusting MV in different disease states ...

In contrast to individual tasks, a specific social setting is created when two partners work together on a task. How does such a social setting affect memory for task-related information? We addressed this issue in a distributed joint-action paradigm, where two team partners respond to different types of information within the same task. Previous work has shown that joint action in such a task ...

Although mobile learning is a popular topic in current research, it is not well conceptualised. Many researchers rely on under-theorised conceptions of the topic, and those who have tried to refine the ideas involved have found this to be complex and difficult. In this paper, a new interpretation of the concept of ‘mobile learning’ is offered, drawing on the tradition of activity theory. The in...

In interpersonal encounters, individuals often exhibit changes in their own facial expressions in response to emotional expressions of another person. Such changes are often called facial mimicry. While this tendency first appeared to be an automatic tendency of the perceiver to show the same emotional expression as the sender, evidence is now accumulating that situation, person, and relationsh...

BACKGROUND When individual judgment conflicts with a group, the individual will often conform his judgment to that of the group. Conformity might arise at an executive level of decision making, or it might arise because the social setting alters the individual's perception of the world. METHODS We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and a task of mental rotation in the context of peer ...

Humans' ability to represent their body state from within through interoception has been proposed to predict different aspects of human cognition and behaviour. We focused on the possible contribution of interoceptive sensitivity to social behaviour as mediated by adaptive modulation of autonomic response. We, thus, investigated whether interoceptive sensitivity to one's heartbeat predicts part...

Iran`s pharmaceutical products market as one of the major markets of the country has been faced with fluctuations over time. Suitable market selection is necessary for stability of pharmaceutical exports. Study of the global market structure of this product leads to policy makers in development, production, and trade of pharmaceuticals and finally increases country’s share of the world pharmace...

The IEEE 802.4 token bus protocol requires each network station to implement a Synchronous (highest priority) message class, and permits a station to implement three lower priority classes: Urgent Asynchronous, Normal Asynchronous, and Time Available. If a station implements the priority option, then the objective is to allocate bandwidth to lower priority frames only after transmission of high...