Currently, intelligent, responsive biomaterials have been widely explored, considering the fact that provide controlled and predictable results in various biomedical systems. Responsive nanostructures undergo reversible or irreversible changes presence of a stimulus, stimuli can be temperature, magnetic field, ultrasound, pH, humidity, pressure, light, electric etc. Different types being used d...

Recent advancements in nanotechnology have resulted improved medicine delivery to the target site. Nanosponges are three-dimensional drug systems that nanoscale size and created by cross-linking polymers. The introduction of has been a significant step toward overcoming issues such as toxicity, low bioavailability, predictable medication release. Using new way nanotechnology, nanosponges, which...

Synthetic gene delivery vehicles have made significant progress in the past decade in demonstrating strong potential for targeted delivery to specific cells, low toxicity and immunogenicity and large carrying capacity. However, significant advances must still be made to increase the efficiency of both polymer and lipid vehicles. Furthermore, techniques to generate more effective targeting moiet...

Aptamers are a class of therapeutic oligonucleotides that form specific three-dimensional structures that are dictated by their sequences. They are typically generated by an iterative screening process of complex nucleic acid libraries employing a process termed Systemic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX). SELEX has traditionally been performed using purified proteins, and c...

Targeted drug delivery or site-specific drug delivery system has the potential to increase local drug concentrations and thereby increase the effectiveness of the medicines with fewer side effects. Liver diseases especially liver cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, with a high mortality. Due to high toxicity and poor specificity of the chemotherapeutic agents the present method of trea...

Targeted radionuclide therapy, which is based on the selective delivery of a sufficient radiation dose to tumors without significantly affecting normal tissues, is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of a wide variety of malignancies. Integrins, a family of cell adhesion molecules, play key roles during tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Among all the integrins, αvβ3 seems to be ...