Currently, politicians, university representatives, scholars and leading NGOs share a strong belief in the ability of educational systems to generate positive attitudes to sustainable development (SD) among citizens, with the idea of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) as perhaps the most apparent expression of this conviction. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether ESD might h...

The influence of ground clutter contamination on the estimation of polarimetric radar parameters, horizontal reflectivity (Zh), differential reflectivity (Zdr), correlation coefficient (rhy), and differential propagation phase (fdp) was examined. This study aims to derive the critical level of ground clutter contamination for Zh, Zdr, rhy , and fdp at which ground clutter influence exceeds pred...

In teacher education at universities, general pedagogical and psychological principles are often treated separately from subject matter knowledge and therefore run the risk of not being applied in the teaching subject. In an experimental study (N = 60 mathematics student teachers) we investigated the effects of providing aspects of general pedagogical/psychological knowledge (PPK) and pedagogic...

Lost in Translation? Teacher Training and Outcomes in High School Economics Classes Using data on 24 teachers and 982 students from a 2006 survey of California high school economics classes, we assess the effects of student and teacher characteristics on student achievement. We estimate value-added models of outcomes on multiple choice and essay exams, with matched classroom pairs for each teac...

Effects of three-body scattering on reflectivity signatures at S and C bands can be seen on the back side of large reflectivity storm cores that contain hail. The fingerlike protrusions of elevated reflectivity have been termed flare echoes or ‘‘hail spikes.’’ Three-body scattering occurs when radiation from the radar scattered toward the ground is scattered back to hydrometeors, which then sca...

In order to improve the performance of X-band dual-polarization radars, it is necessary to conduct attenuation correction before using the X-band radar data. This study analyzes a variety of attenuation correction methods for the X-band radar reflectivity, and proposes a high-resolution slide self-consistency correction (SSCC) method, which is an improvement of Kim et al.’s method based on Brin...

We present an experimental study of the impact of FWM-induced nonlinear spectral broadening on the effective reflectivity of ultra-long Raman fiber laser cavities of diverse lengths and fiber bases. We observe an exponential decay of the effective reflectivity with growing power. In standard single-mode fiber, effective reflectivity drops of up to 50% for shorter cavity lengths are observed, wh...

there is a growing interest among the higher education principals and policy makers to improve teacher evaluation methods and more important than that to use the evaluation data. a number of research studies implied the ineffective instruction of esp courses in iran (atai, 2002; eslami, 2005; hayati, 2008; ahmadi, 2008; sherkatolabbasi & mahdavi, 2012; boniadi, ghojazadeh & rahmatvand, ...

Reflective teaching, which has gained the status of an integral element of teacher pedagogy, is still an elusive concept, probably because it is merely attainable when teachers are provided with opportunities for building professional knowledge and for showing reflective teaching practices. The present study aimed at examining the English language teachers’ perception of their level of reflecti...