As the water requirement for food production and other human needs grows, quantification of environmental flow requirements (EFRs) is necessary to assess the amount of water needed to sustain freshwater ecosystems. EFRs are the result of the quantification of water necessary to sustain the riverine ecosystem, which is calculated from the mean of an environmental flow (EF) method. In this study,...

divergence of the two disciplines and Sander with their reconciliation in developmental genetics. Allen summarizes much of the work on this subject and speculates that American breeding interests were responsible for providing impetus for the separation. He states that "the dichotomy between embryology and genetics was inevitable" and that Morgan was the "unplanned agent" of this separation. Sa...

plus a principle of indirect proof for atomic sentences"(p. 244), and \one may doubt whether this is the proper way of analysing classical inferences"(p. 244{245). Prawitz suggested that a good candidate for this role could be the classical sequent calculus, since its rules are \closer to the classical meaning of the logical constants"(p. 245). More recently this criticism of natural deduction ...

A recent paper by Lundgren-Nilsson & Tennant (1) and accompanying commentary (2) reviewed the development of Rasch analysis in rehabilitation. The authors of the two papers acknowledge the advances that have been made in terms of analysis. However, they did not highlight an important issue with regards to the use of Rasch measures once developed. We believe this is a fundamental issue that need...

Contents Editorial: Building the Vision – Higher Education and Quality Assurance in East Africa Pammla Petrucka........................................1 Why Measurement Matters: The Learning Outcomes Approach A Case Study from Canada Sarah Brumwell, Fiona Deller & Alexandra MacFarlane.....................................5 Issues Kenya’s Institutions Rosemary Kagondu Simmy M. Marwa.............

Abstract Biosecurity strategies that aim to restrict the spread of invasive pests can benefit from knowing where incursions have come and whether cryptic establishment has taken place. This knowledge be acquired with genomic databanks, by comparing genetic variation in incursion samples against reference samples. Here we use databanks characterise two mosquito species within Australia, observe ...

different approaches have been presented for estimating river environmental flow which hydrological approach has a lot addressed because of its need to access to limited data and moderately rapid assessment. this approach incorporates various methods therefore comparison between results of different methods is essential. the objective of this study is to investigate and compare the consequences...

River ecological baseflow is key to river ecosystem health and stability has become particularly important with global climate change aggravation. By considering the Niya Basin in Xinjiang, based on meteorological data from 1958 2021 hydrological 1978 2018, Tennant method was determined be best basin calculation method, M–K test used analyze abrupt characteristics, regression response sensitivi...