The influence of boundary roughness characteristics on the rate of dissipation in a viscous fluid is analyzed using shape calculus from the theory of optimal control of systems governed by partial differential equations. To study the mapping D from surface roughness topography to the dissipation rate of a Navier–Stokes flow, expressions for the shape gradient and Hessian are determined using th...

This report develops a systematic method, based on fractal gemmetry, for modeling natural terrain. The method consists of two main parts: reconstructing dense surfaces from sparse data while preserving roughness, and estimating the uncertainty of each reconstructed point. In earlier work, Szeliski developed stochastic ngularization techniques to reconstruct natural surfaces. We found that these...

[i] The surface roughness of Mars at scales from ~ 1-200 m is of interest for lander hazard and radar-sounder clutter analysis, but MOLA data are the only current source of global topographic information. We use synthetic fractal profiles to determine the uncertainties associated with deriving self-affine statistics irom detrended segments of MOLA tracks. The mean Hurst exponent derived from su...

Data is presented from an airborne experiment designed to evaluate electromagnetic pulse scattering from a variety of terrain types for the application of overland height finding. The one-way propagation data was collected at ultrahigh frequency (UHF) and very high frequency (VHF) frequencies using a 3-MHz pulsed CW signal with the radars mounted on two aircraft. A statistical analysis of the d...

The present paper describes the integration of laser-based perception, footstep planning, and walking control of a humanoid robot for navigation over previously unknown rough terrain. A perception system that obtains the shape of the surrounding environment to an accuracy of a few centimeters is realized based on input obtained using a scanning laser range sensor. A footstep planner decides the...

Deployment of sensors in any irregular terrain with 100% coverage and connectivity is a challenging issue in the field of Wireless Sensor Networks. Traditional deployments often assume homogeneous environments, which ignore the effect of terrain profile as well as the in-network obstacles situated randomly like buildings, trees, roads and so on. Proper deployment of sensors in such irregular re...

The present paper describes the integration of laser-based perception, footstep planning, and walking control of a humanoid robot for navigation over previously unknown rough terrain. A perception system that obtains the shape of the surrounding environment to an accuracy of a few centimeters is realized based on input obtained using a scanning laser range sensor. A footstep planner decides the...

Digital Terrain Model (Digital Terrain Model acronym DTM) is arbitrary use of a large number of coordinates in three-dimensional x, y, z coordinates of the point on the ground for a form of Statistics said that the terrain surface morphology is the number of attribute information is a space location characteristics and attributes of the terrain described the figures, initially for the automatic...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different filler sizes and shapes on the surface roughness of experimental resin-composite series. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-three disc-shaped specimens of the series (Spherical-RZD 102, 105, 106, 107, 114 and Irregular-RZD 103, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112) were prepared in a split Teflon mold and irradiated with an halogen light...