the principle theoretical basis of this article is the concept of 'city text' and the textuality standards. the article explores city as a text and takes the textuality standards into consideration for analyzing the city. text is one of the main elements that play a significant role in communication. people communicating by language do not do so simply by means of individual words or ...

This paper strives to improve the performance of video–text retrieval. To date, many algorithms have been proposed facilitate similarity measure retrieval from single global semantic multi-level semantics. However, these methods may suffer following limitations: (1) largely ignore relationship which results in levels are insufficient; (2) it is incomplete constrain real-valued features differen...

the focus of this study is to analyze the text world of omar khayyam's poetry by a novel approach called cognitive poetics. to examine the author’s/reader's text world, the study has employed freeman’s model (1998). she believes that conceptual mapping in literary texts can operate at three different levels including “attribute mapping,” “relational mapping,” and “system mapping.” through readi...

Owing to the linguistic richness of Arabic language, which contains more than 6000 roots, building a reliable language model for speech recognition systems faces many challenges. This paper introduces free automatic system Modern Standard based on an end-to-end-based Deep Speech architecture developed by Mozilla. The proposed uses character-level sequence-to-sequence map character alignment pro...

stylistics is one of the main trends that try to look for beauties in the text. it interested in studying literary texts based on an objective approach for analyzing texts to find the beauties. we can get through that by analyzing the language and rhetorical phenomena in the text in terms of the three levels, vocal, synthetic, and indicative. style is one rhetorical face in the book nahjo al-ba...

In this paper, we describe 4FX, a quadrilingual (English–Spanish–German–Hungarian) parallel corpus annotated for light verb constructions. We present the annotation process, and report statistical data on the frequency of LVCs in each language. We also offer inter-annotator agreement rates and we highlight some interesting facts and tendencies on the basis of comparing multilingual data from th...

This paper presents models for automatic transliteration of proper names between languages that use different alphabets. The models are an extension of our work on automatic discovery of patterns of etymological sound change, based on the Minimum Description Length Principle. The models for pairwise alignment are extended with algorithms for prediction that produce transliterated names. We pres...