The current tendency in Question Answering is towards the processing of large volumes of opendomain text. This inclination is spurred by the creation of the Question Answering track in TREC, and the recent increase of systems that use the Web to extract the answers to the questions. This undoubtedly has the advantage that narrow, application-specific concerns can be overlooked in favour of more...

Beginning in the 1870s and continuing for over three-quarters of a century, the Draper Company was the dominant force and worldwide leader in shaping mechanical innovations in the cotton textile industry. The Draper Company was the central and directing agency in the development and continued improvement of high-speed ring spinning (the most important spinning innovations of the late 19th centu...

Preface Old growth is widely acknowledged today as an essential part of managed forests, particularly on public lands. However, this concept is relatively new, evolving since the 1970's when a grassroots movement in the Pacific Northwest began in earnest to define old growth. In response to changes in public attitude, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, began reevaluating its po...

the effects of agricultural information on the technical knowledge of the greenhouse owners in south khorasan province are dealt with in this study. research a descriptive-correlational methodology was ployed, and in terms of time, it was limited to the activities of the elements of knowledge and agricultural information as obtained from greenhouses during 2009. the study population consisted o...

Organizations producing products based on technical standards are interested in the factors that influence a customers’ intention to adopt that product, and accordingly that standard. In general, standards-based products are expected to be affected by factors similar to those that affect ordinary innovations, as described in Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovations with the addition of a few factors in...

in this paper, non parametric data envelopment analysis (dea) was subjected to the energy data of wheat producers in punjab state, india, and technical, pure technical and scale efficiencies were calculated for farms both category wise and zone wise. the main objective was to determine the strength of the correlation between non-parametric efficiencies and indices such as energy ratio and speci...

during the last years, the concept of input congestion and technical ineff-ciency in data envelopment analysis (dea), have been investigated by manyresearchers. the motivation of this paper is to present models which obtain thedecreased output value due to input congestion and technical ineciency. more-over, we extend the models to estimate input congestion, technical ineciencyand output red...

Background and Objective: Non-technical skills are critical for patient safety and good surgical outcomes. Thus, surgeons should master these skills. This study aimed to assess non-technical skills among Iranian orthopedic surgeons. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in two orthopedic surgery wards in 2019. A total of 22 orthopedic surgeons were observed in this sur...

P endowment effect experiments have examined circumstances in which people encounter a single unit of a good (e.g., one chocolate). We contrast single-unit treatments with multiple-unit treatments in which participants encounter several units of a good (e.g., five chocolates). We observe endowment effects of typical magnitude for singleton holdings but attenuated endowment effects for multiple-...