Precision medicine, particularly therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), is essential for optimizing dosage and minimizing toxicity. However, current TDM methods have limitations, including the need skilled operators, patient discomfort, inability to monitor dynamic level changes. In recent years, wearable sensors emerged as a promising solution monitoring. These offer real-time continuous measureme...

The measurement of plasma concentrations of drugs given in therapy (therapeutic drug monitoring, TDM) is useful for a small number of compounds for which pharmacological effects cannot be easily assessed and for which the margin between adequate dosage and potentially toxic dosage is small. Thus, for some anticonvulsants, notably phenytoin, anti-infective agents (antimalarial, antimicrobial, an...

The rapid quantification of antimicrobial agents is important for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), enabling personalized dosing schemes in critically ill patients. Highly sophisticated TDM technology becoming available, but its implementation hospitals still limited. Among the various proposed techniques, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) stands out as one more interesting due to extre...

OBJECTIVES The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of antiretroviral therapy may differ in older compared with younger subjects with HIV infection. We aimed to assess factors associated with plasma antiretroviral drug exposure, including age, within a large HIV-infected cohort undergoing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). METHODS Data from the Liverpool TDM Registry were linked with t...

INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of voriconazole (VOR) in a university hospital. METHODS A retrospective review was conducted on the clinical records of 52 patients treated with VOR and on whom TDM was performed. Steady-state trough plasma VOR concentration was measured at least 5 days after starting treatment. The t...

It has been long recognized that large inter-individual variability is commonly observed in response to drug administration. The large response variability of certain drugs with narrow margin of safety may induce toxicity. To avoid this and to optimize the result of drug treatment, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) service has been routinely applied in hospitals in well-developed countries. For...

immunosuppressants require therapeutic drug monitoring because of their narrow therapeutic index and significant inter-individual variability in blood concentrations. this variability can be because of factors like drug-nutrient interactions, drug-disease interactions, renal-insufficiency, inflammation and infection, gender, age, polymorphism and liver mass. drug monitoring is widely practiced ...

Therapeutic monitoring of antiepileptic drugs is important in process of optimisation of therapy of epileptic patients. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Lamotrigine (LMT) are important drugs in therapy of epileptic patients which requires the monitoring of concentration of these drugs in serum. Ourstudy aim was the comparison and interpretation of the results of routine therapeutic monitoring of Carbama...

BACKGROUND Blood levels of voriconazole, a first line therapy for invasive aspergillosis, may correlate with adverse events and treatment response. However, no randomized controlled studies have been conducted to evaluate the clinical utility of routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of voriconazole. This study aimed to determine whether routine TDM of voriconazole reduces drug adverse event...