PURPOSE To discuss the indications and therapeutic outcomes of synovectomy, debridement, and continuous irrigation for the treatment of pyogenic arthritis caused by intra-articular injection used in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. METHODS Records of 41 patients with infectious arthritis of the knee who presented to our hospital from 1981 were reviewed. 11 of them had a history of...

Calendula officinalis L. is primarily cultivated as cut flowers plant and also regarded a medicinal with variety of therapeutic uses. Irrigation management results in reduction irrigation requirements, water saving conservation. Tryptophan has major role improving stress tolerance to environmental stresses such deficiency. This study investigated the response C. under drip system number times w...

Introduction We aimed to investigate irrigation and drainage characteristics of commercially available urethral catheters and determined which catheter offers the best flow characteristics. Material and methods Twelve different commercially available urethral catheters from three companies (Bard™, Rusch™ and Dover™) were investigated to compare their irrigation and drainage properties. Irriga...

to better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (rUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008, an experiment was conducted at the luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (Par), biomass accumulation,...

The aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether irrigation with apical negative pressure was more effective than traditional positive-pressure irrigation in eradicating Enterococcus faecalis from preshaped root canals. Fifty-four extracted mandibular molars were instrumented to produce either a non-tapered or tapered preparation, sterilized, inoculated with E. faecalis for 30 days, and ...

Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of bladder irrigation for reducing the morbidity of bladder stones in patients with neurological lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD). Methods: From June 2012 to July 2013, patients with NLUTD were prospectively randomized and assigned to either a bladder irrigation group or a no bladder irrigation group. Bladder irrigations were performed twice a...

I ncreasing production efficiency is becoming a major theme for producers in order to maintain or increase their economic return in an increasingly competitive global market. In the case of irrigated agriculture, producers must also address increasing public concern about water conservation, water quality, and environmental protection. Two irrigation management issues require attention in order...

Use of drip, or trickle, irrigation in agriculture has increased rapidly during the past 20 years. In 1970 approximately 50,000 ha in the United States were under drip irrigation, by 1985 the area had increased to over 300,000 ha (6). Irrigation has been used to deliver fertilizers and pesticides (8,9,14,18,27,28), and there are increasing numbers of studies on the application of nematicidal co...

Nonflooded irrigation is an important water-saving rice cultivation technology, but little is known on its photosynthetic mechanism. The aims of this work were to investigate photosynthetic characteristics of rice during grain filling stage under three nonflooded irrigation treatments: furrow irrigation with plastic mulching (FIM), furrow irrigation with nonmulching (FIN), and drip irrigation w...

During 2015, vines receiving season-long drip irrigation delivered into the lower root zone via hard plastic tubes yielded 70 % of commercial production while receiving only 15% of the water as the vines receiving full commercial rates of surface drip irrigation. Vines receiving direct root-zone (DRZ) irrigation at rates reduced to 60, 30, and 15% of commercial drip irrigation (DI) produced ind...