We investigate the zero temperature chiral phase transition in an SU(N) gauge theory as the number of fermions Nf is varied. We argue that there exists a critical number of fermions N c f , above which there is no chiral symmetry breaking or confinement, and below which both chiral symmetry breaking and confinement set in. We estimate N c f and discuss the nature of the phase transition. An SU(...

The hydrology and geochemistry of groundwater in tropical island aquifers, such as Barbados, Guam and Puerto Rico, are significantly influenced by tropical climatic conditions. Recharge to these aquifers is the product of regional and local climate patterns that control rainfall. Oxygen isotopes can be used to estimate the amount and timing of recharge on these islands because seasonal fluctuat...

§0 Introduction By far the most central and important question about laws of nature is this: Are they mere patterns in the phenomena (patterns that are in some way salient, to be sure—but still, nothing more than patterns)? Or are they something more, something that somehow governs or constrains those phenomena? Disagreement over this issue constitutes the Schism in contemporary philosophical w...

groundwater contamination is a serious problem facing the countries. because groundwater is vulnerable to contamination from a variety of sources, and, once contaminated, it is very difficult to restore to its original quality. the main objective of this study was evaluation of groundwater quality in shahrekord aquifer and finding the source of the groundwater contamination. some of the chemica...

We applied information theory to quantify parameter uncertainty in a groundwater flow model. A number of parameters in groundwater modeling are often used with lack of knowledge of site conditions due to heterogeneity of hydrogeologic properties and limited access to complex geologic structures. The present Information Theory-based (ITb) approach is to adopt entropy as a measure of uncertainty ...

[1] This paper revisits Gisser-Sanchez’s effect, a paradoxical empirical result that persists in the groundwater literature since 1980, when it was first identified by Gisser and Sanchez. In essence, Gisser-Sanchez’s effect (GSE) states that the numerical magnitude of benefits of optimally managing groundwater is insignificant. This paper critically reviews both the theoretical and empirical at...

Globally, groundwater resources are being deteriorated by rapid social development. Thus, there is an urgent need to assess the combined impacts of natural and enhanced anthropogenic sources on groundwater chemistry. The aim of this study was to identify seasonal characteristics and spatial variations in anthropogenic and natural effects, to improve the understanding of major hydrogeochemical p...

Fluoride is one of the parameters which is non-degradable and naturally occurring inorganic anion found in many natural streams, lakes, and groundwater. Serious problems are faced in several parts of India due to the high consumption of fluoride through drinking water. These may cause dental and skeletal fluorosis to humans. This study aims to examine the level of fluoride in both Bharalu river...

Fluoride is one of the parameters which is non-degradable and naturally occurring inorganic anion found in many natural streams, lakes, and groundwater. Serious problems are faced in several parts of India due to the high consumption of fluoride through drinking water. These may cause dental and skeletal fluorosis to humans. This study aims to examine the level of fluoride in both Bharalu river...

[1] This study evaluates regional-scale hydrological simulations of the newly developed community Noah land surface model (LSM) with multiparameterization options (Noah-MP). The model is configured for the Mississippi River Basin and driven by the North American Land Data Assimilation System Phase 2 atmospheric forcing at 1/8° resolution. The simulations are compared with various observational ...