Thermal ions in spherical tokamaks have two adiabatic invariants: the magnetic moment and the longitudinal invariant. For hot ions, variations in magnetic-field strength over a gyro period can become sufficiently large to cause breakdown of the adiabatic invariance. The magnetic moment is more sensitive to perturbations than the longitudinal invariant and there exists an intermediate regime, su...

Magnetotactic bacteria possess organelles called magnetosomes that confer a magnetic moment on the cells, resulting in their partial alignment with external magnetic fields. Here we show that analysis of the trajectories of cells exposed to an external magnetic field can be used to measure the average magnetic dipole moment of a cell population in at least five different ways. We apply this ana...

Naturally occurring metallothionein (MT) is a metal binding protein, which binds to seven Zn2+ through 20 conserved cysteines and forms two metal binding clusters with a Zinc-Blende structure. We demonstrate that the MT, when substituting the Zn2+ ions by Mn2+ and Cd2+, exhibits magnetic hysteresis loop observable by SQUID from 10 to 330 K. The magnetic moment may have originated from the bridg...

In his reply to my comment, McCue repeats the same error he made in his original paper. To quickly restate the central issue, let β and β be distributed truncated normal on the unit square and let T = βX + β(1−X) for a some constant X ∈ (0, 1). The question is: what is the distribution of β given T? King (1997) claims that β|T is univariate truncated normal on the interval (max(0, (T +X − 1)/X)...

We perform measurements of phase-slip-induced switching current events on different types of superconducting weak links and systematically study statistical properties of the switching current distributions. We employ two types of devices in which a weak link is formed either by a superconducting nanowire or by a graphene flake subject to proximity effect. We demonstrate that independently of t...

In this article, we are interested in the behaviour of a single ferromagnetic mono-domain particle submitted to an external field with a stochastic perturbation. This model is the first step toward the mathematical understanding of thermal effects on a ferromagnet. In a first part, we present the stochastic model and prove that the associated stochastic differential equation is well defined. Th...

Article history: Received 9 November 2012 Received in revised form 26 March 2013 Accepted 22 April 2013 Available online 24 April 2013 Editor: S. Dodelson We consider dark matter (DM) that interacts with ordinary matter exclusively through an electromagnetic anapole, which is the only allowed electromagnetic form factor for Majorana fermions. We show that unlike DM particles with an electric or...

Feloo-xNi, alloys for x<34 at% i.e., up to the structurally stable Invar concentration, undergo a martensitic transformation. In the parent fcc-phase these alloys show a volume enhancement which is known as the anti-Invar effect. This effect disappears at a concentration at which the martensitic transformation also no longer takes place. In a narrow concentration range of about 301x<34 at% Inva...

Combined Metropolis Monte Carlo computer simulation and first-principles quantum mechanical calculations of pyridine in water are performed to analyze the role of thermal disorder in the electronic properties of hydrogen bonds in an aqueous environment. The simulation uses the NVT ensemble and includes one pyridine and 400 water molecules. Using a very efficient geometric-energetic criterion, t...