Multiple Effect Distillation (MED) is generally considered to be the desalination technology most suited to integration with concentrating solar thermal collectors on a medium to large scale. However the cost and energy requirement of Reverse Osmosis (RO) have fallen significantly in recent years, so that solar thermal powered RO deserves consideration. We compare commercial desalination proces...

Global warming may pose a greater risk to species with unique thermal requirements during each life stage than species with a similar thermal requirement throughout all life stages. The risk to the former is higher because their unique thermal ranges may become geographically or temporally discontiguous. Additionally, modeling global warming’s effects on these species is challenging due to thei...

Work roll thermal contour is one of the important factors for roll contour design and configuration in hot strip rolling, for which the temperature field calculation is a critical factor. To realize the work roll thermal behavior for 1450mm hot strip mill, the temperature field and thermal contour calculation model was built with finite different methods, and the genetic algorithm was introduce...

We present a novel contactless technique for thermal conductivity determination and thermal field mapping based on creating a thermal distribution of phonons using a heating laser, while a second laser probes the local temperature through the spectral position of a Raman active mode. The spatial resolution can be as small as 300 nm, whereas its temperature accuracy is ±2 K. We validate this tec...

LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics) being the most advantageous technology towards the multilayer substrates for various applications, demands an extensive study of its raw materials. In the present work, a series of CuxMg1-xNb2O6 (x=0,0.4,0.6,1) has been prepared using sol-gel synthesis route and sintered at a temperature of 900°C to study its applicability for LTCC technology as the firi...

A roof provides protection to be safe from direct sunlight. From the shelter, shadow alone is not expected. Durability, sustainability, less life cycle cost, and low maintenance cost are expected from a selected roof. The world has a thirst to have a best roof. No roof will fulfil the requirement of humanity since the climatic conditions are different. Hence the roof should be selected accordin...

This paper provides an overview of the thermal and power challenges in emerging high performance computing platforms. The advent of new sophisticated applications in highly diverse areas such as health, education, finance, entertainment etc. is driving the platform and device requirements for future systems. The key ingredients of future platforms are vertically integrated (3D) die-stacked devi...

A component, which has a perfect combination of different materials (including homogeneous materials and different types of heterogeneous materials) in its different portions for a specific application, is considered as the component made of a multiphase perfect material. Based on the requirements for fabricating different types of heterogeneous materials, a hybrid manufacturing process with la...

T he cell therapy industry (CTI) is no longer a cottage industry; it is a distinct and sustainable component of the global healthcare sector (1). Today, CTI prospects are strong, with annual revenues exceeding US$1 billion/year, supported by improving investor sentiment and public support (1–3). The next phase of CTI growth — toward a multibillion-dollar global industry — will depend on the bio...