Hyperplastic changes of the thymus may be found in patients with Graves' disease. However, this rarely presents as an anterior mediastinal mass, particularly among adults. In this report, we describe a 46-year old woman with Graves' disease and thymic hyperplasia.

The appearance of an anterior mediastinal mass during the follow-up of patients successfully treated for lymphoma is worrisome, and may suggest treatment failure. However, benign 'rebound' thymic hyperplasia (TH), a well documented phenomenon in children [1-3] and in young adults treated for malignant testicular teratoma [4], is an important differential diagnosis even in the adult population [5].

In the January-February 2017 issue of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Bakan et al. (1) reported on the usefulness of quantitative parameters derived from computed tomography (CT) perfusion in characterizing anterior mediastinal solid tumors. Notably, on a cohort of 25 patients, they found significantly lower blood volume and blood flow in “nonthymoma malignancies” compared with thymoma...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate bcl-2, bax (apoptotic-oncoproteins), and Ki67 (cell proliferation-marker) expression in thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and to determine the potential correlation with clinicopathologic parameters. Methods: The study was done on 38 patients (16 males, 22 females; mean age 38 ^ 10 years) with MG who underwent modified maximal thymec...

Bone marrow progenitors migrate to the thymus, where they proliferate and differentiate into immunologically competent T cells. In this report we show that mice transgenic for SV40 T and t antigens under the control of the L-pyruvate kinase promoter develop, in a first step, thymic hyperplasia of both thymocytes and epithelial cells. Morphological studies (histology, immunohistolabeling and ele...

Cysts which originated from embryonal remnants are often observed in the cervical region. Among these cysts, branchiogenic cleft cysts and thyroglossal cysts are most commonly encountered. Parathyroid cysts and cervical thymic cysts are known to be a rare entity. Reviewing the world literature of the latter two, only a few reports were noted. There is, in addition, some confusion in terminology...

We investigate a case of nodular hyperplasia of the thymic epithelium which was incidentally, microscopically discovered. Macroscopically there was no sign of tumor and the thymus was surgically removed for the therapy of the clinical symptoms of the myasthenia gravis worsened in two years of evolution. Histological in a general appearance of an involuted thymic tissue, a small nodular epitheli...

Vocal cord paralysis associated with goiter usually indicates the presence of a malignancy. Pediatric patients retain significant thymic tissue that regresses only later in life. This thymic tissue can develop significant hyperplasia during an acute autoimmune process. We describe a case of a 17-year-old girl who presented with a goiter secondary to severe Graves' disease and a 2-month history ...

To investigate the thymic regenerative potential in adults accepting chemotherapy for lymphoma. The dynamics of thymic activity in 54 adults from baseline to 12 mo post-chemotherapy was analyzed by assessing thymic structural changes with serial computed tomography (CT) scans, and correlating these with measurements of thymic output by concurrent analysis of single-joint (sj) T-cell receptor ex...

Accurate imaging of the thymus is essential in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of both neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions. Imaging of the thymus is a rather complex task, which affects both initial diagnosis and further surgical treatment planning. Imaging techniques include a wide armamentary of possibilities, from the most frequently used computed tomography (CT) to 18-fluorodeoxygl...