The paper considers a two-echelon supply chain where a supplier determines his production quantity and a retailer chooses her order size and retail price for each period in an infinite horizon. Under a price-discount sharing (PDS) scheme, the supplier’s wholesale price linearly depends on the retail price. We develop a stochastic game in which these two supply chain members maximize their disco...

This paper investigates the influence of channel structures and channel coordination on the supplier, the retailer, and the entire supply chain n the context of two single-channel and two dual-channel supply chains. We extensively study two Pareto zone concepts: channel-adding Pareto one and contract-implementing Pareto zone. In the channel-adding Pareto zone, both the supplier and the retailer...

In this paper, we focus on one of the representative 5G network scenarios, namely multi-tier heterogeneous cellular networks. User association is investigated in order to reduce the down-link co-channel interference. Firstly, in order to analyze the multi-tier heterogeneous cellular networks where the base stations in different tiers usually adopt different transmission powers, we propose a Tra...

Hotspots of resource use in country and sector supply chains are poorly understood, due part to the unitary nature environmental footprinting assessment. Understanding profile dependencies across their entire chain is needed inform integrated management. Within this study pressures global water, energy land (WEL) system located along networks 189 countries 24 sectors. These profiles reveal foca...

This research investigates how a global engineering firm can implement centrally managed, globally integrated supplier base. Based on in-depth evidence from single longitudinal case study, we identify different approaches for the company to integrate their local base into multi-step process: first, attempted reduction by ‘cutting tail’ off vast Second, they prioritised suppliers based groupings...

Reverse factoring—a financial arrangement where a corporation facilitates early payment of its trade credit obligations to suppliers—is increasingly popular in industry. Many firms use the scheme to induce their suppliers to grant them more lenient payment terms. By means of a periodic review base stock model that includes alternative sources of financing, we explore the following question: wha...

This study proposes an incentive-based femtocell cooperation scheme for indoor macrocell users (MUs) in an underlay two-tier heterogeneous network which helps the indoor MUs to achieve higher data rate through time sharing access from the femtocell. Due to underlay spectrum sharing nature of the femtocell, the network suffers from severe cross-tier interference. To manage this cross-tier interf...

With globalize market, fast-changing technology and shortening product life cycle, businesses are becoming extremely competitive, and a cooperative buyer–supplier relationship is essential for a manufacturer, especially in technology-related industry, to survive and to acquire reasonable profit. Even though the research on various types of collaborations between firms is abundant, the research ...

Heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs) constitute a necessary step in the evolution of cellular networks. In this paper, we apply the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) meta distribution framework for a refined SIR performance analysis of HCNs, focusing on K-tier heterogeneous cellular networks based on the homogeneous independent Poisson point process (HIP) model, with range expansion bias (of...