Farmers are exposed to substantial weather and market related risks. Rational farmers seek to avoid large losses. Future climate change and energy price fluctuations thereforemake adaptating to increased risks particularly important for them.Managing soil natural capital—the capacity of the soil to generate ecosystem services of benefit to farmers—has been proven to generate the double dividend...

Conventional field cropping systems have been criticized as being unsustainable because they contribute to on-farm and off-farm environmental degradation, and are often economically uncertain. Methods to increase environmental and economic sustainability are needed. There is a critical need to develop management technologies to maximize yield and crop quality yet improve environmental impacts o...

Soil temperature data collected a t the Iowa State College Agronomy Experimental Farm are analyzed in relation to corn yields. Some of the determining weather factors of soil temperature are evaluated. Monthly values of soil temperature at various levels are compared with corn yield in central Iowa and three physical relationships are discussed. In order to summarize the effect of these three r...

In order to evaluate the impact of physical and chemical properties of soil on Bekras kind wheat yield in the city of Arak, a completely randomized block experimental plan has been implemented with three replications in the1390 crop year. Treatments include the overall condition and qualifications of wheat field 's soil in 18 wheat farms, which were randomly selected. Traits in this experiment ...

Child of agriculture families are likely to be exposed to agricultural chemicals, even if they are not involved in farm activities. This study was designed to determine whether such children are exposed to higher levels of pesticides than children whose parents are not involved in agriculture and whose homes are not close to farms. Household dust and soil samples were collected in children's pl...

Effects of tobacco genetically modified to express the protease inhibitor bovine spleen trypsin inhibitor (BSTI) were examined in laboratory assays against three earthworm and one collembolan species. BSTI is a serine protease inhibitor that can bind to the digestive trypsins of insects feeding on modified plants, resulting in reduced growth and survival. Protease inhibitors are active against ...

The reduction of agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution is essential to protect the quality of North Carolina's water resources. In order to reduce these pollutants, increased implementation of Best Management Practices (BMPs) by individual producers is being proposed. Recommended BMPs include soil and water conservation practices, fertilizer and animal waste management and integrated pes...

We established experiments on farmers’ fields at four locations in southcentral Alaska and two locations in interior Alaska. The southcentral Alaska sites were near Anchor Point (59 ̊45'N, 151 ̊39'W) on Edna Anderson’s farm, near Sterling (60 ̊32'N, 150 ̊39'W) on Paul Rumley’s farm, at Point Mackenzie (61 ̊24'N, 150 ̊04'W) on the Trytten Farm, and at Palmer (61 ̊39'N, 150 ̊04'W) on Peter Scorup’s farm ...