Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide and are responsible for approximately one-quarter of all adverse drug reaction reports. NSAIDs are widely prescribed for patients with rheumatic disease--a population at increased risk for serious gastrointestinal (GI) complications. Topical administration of NSAIDs offers the advantage of local...

Clindamycin is a macrolide antibiotic that has been used orally and topically in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Unfortunately, oral administration is associated with pseudomembranous colitis in up to 10% of patients; consequently, it is no longer a generally accepted form of acne therapy. Topical application is an effective, safer alternative. Topical formulations may be extemporaneously prepa...

Reliable administration of anti-seizure drugs, like phenobarbital, is critical to maintain seizure control in cats. Unfortunately administering oral phenobarbital to cats can be difficult, resulting in inconsistent dosing, stress to the cat and injury to the owner. Furthermore, a missed dose of anti-seizure medications can result in a seizure. The purpose of this study is to compare blood level...

The activity of dietary and topical administration of three retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid, 13-cis-retinoic acid, and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR), as promoters of skin tumor induction in SENCAR mice was studied. When administered as dietary supplements at their maximum tolerated dose levels, all three retinoids promoted tumorigenesis in mice initiated with a single topical dose of...

A case is presented in which respiratory distress resulted from the production of methemoglobin Following application of topical benzocaine to a child’s oral mucous membrane. Modern local anesthetics are among the safest of administered agents, with few reported cases of morbidity or mortality. The use of topically applied local anesthetic agents is important in the atraumatic administration of...

The combined systemic and topical administration of voriconazole has successfully been used to treat keratomycosis. Because no voriconazole eye drop product is commercially available, we prepared a sterile eye drop solution (10 mg/ml). Voriconazole remains stable over 30 days, providing an eye drop solution suitable for use for the topical treatment of fungal keratitis.

BACKGROUND Limonene, a major component in citrus oil, has demonstrated anti-cancer effects in preclinical mammary cancer models. However, the effective oral dose translates to a human dose that may not be feasible for chronic dosing. We proposed to evaluate topical application of limonene to the breast as an alternative dosing strategy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a mouse disposition s...

Although the benefits of topical sensitizer administration have been confirmed for photodynamic therapy (PDT), ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX is the only sensitizer clinically used with this administration route. Unfortunately, ALA-PDT results in poor treatment response for thicker lesions. Here, selectivity and depth distribution of the highly potent sensitizer meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin ...

Plasma cortisol (hydrocortisone) levels were measured in 42 subjects before and during administration of topical oral corticosteroids. Topical administration of 0.3-0.4 mg. of betamethasone disodium phosphate daily caused partial suppression of adrenal function in 8 out of 10 subjects tested. The adrenal function remained normal in 14 patients treated with 10 mg. of hydrocortisone hemisuccinate...

The main intention of these studies was to formulate and evaluate a novel herbal cream which includes Senna alata,Wrightia tinctoria Datura metel for the treatment secondary skin infections. most suitable route infection is topical. development topical drug transport systems designed have systemic results appears be useful number drugs as result numerous advantages over traditional routes admin...