In this paper, the abstract computational principles underlying topographic maps are discussed. We give a definition of a “perfectly neighbourhood preserving” map, which we call a topographic homeomorphism, and we prove that this has certain desirable properties. It is argued that when a topographic homeomorphism does not exist (the usual case), many equally valid choices are available for quan...

This paper introduces a method that is able to assign the symbols of vectorized maps into polygon attributes. It reduces the required storage space of the database by removing the corresponding polygons from the vectorized data model. This procedure is presented with optimized pattern matching on the raster image source of the map, where the symbols are handled as special textures. This method ...

In recent years some electric power companies or gas suppliers have begun to use computerized utility map management systems. And there is a demand to share their utility data with each other. But that is difficult because their topographic maps, which give the base of equipment location, are different. So we developed an automatic transformation method of utility data, which transforms utility...

The paper reviews thoroughly a variety of issues related to mode estimation. The potential of self-organizing maps as an approach to mode detection is inquired here. The batch version of the standard SOM and a convex adjustment of it are compared with two kernel-based learning rules, namely, the generative topographic mapping and the kernelbased maximum entropy learning rule. A strategy for mod...

A model of topographic map development is presented which combines both weight plasticity and the formation and elimination of synapses as well as both activity-dependent and -independent processes. We statistically address the question of whether an activity-dependent process can refine a mapping created by an activity-independent process. A new method of evaluating the quality of topographic ...

A n a u t o m a t e d s y s t e m h a s b e e n d e v e l o p e d t o g e n e r a t e g r i d D T M d a t a f r o m a r a s t e r i z e d topographic map. Conventional methods used are based o n either "raster-vector conversion" o r " l i n e following" and require a lot o f manual input and computing time. The system developed here is based on automated recognition of color contour lines from ...

Raster-based topographic maps are commonly used in geoinformation systems to overlay geographic entities on top of digital terrain models. Using compressed texture formats for encoding topographic maps allows reducing latency times while visualizing large geographic datasets. Topographic maps encompass high-frequency content with large uniform regions, making current compressed texture formats ...

Indian Remote Sensing satellite Cartosat-1 was launched on 5 May 2005. It has a payload consisting of two cameras one near nadir looking (-5 deg) and the other forward looking (+26 deg) providing the real time stereo data along the track with spatial resolution of 2.5m. These cameras are mounted with a fixed geometry which helps in collecting stereo coverage of the terrain at a fixed B/H ratio ...

Neurons representing similar aspects of the world are often found close together in the cortex. It is proposed that this phenomenon can be modelled using a statistical approach. We start by using a neural network to nd the \features" that were most likely to have generated the observed probability distribution of inputs. These features can be found using a Boltzmann machine architecture, but th...