Extensive efforts have been devoted to the study of spin-orbit torque in ferromagnetic metal/heavy metal bilayers and exploitation of it for magnetization switching using an in-plane current. As the spin-orbit torque is inversely proportional to the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer, sizable effect has only been realized in bilayers with an ultrathin ferromagnetic layer. Here we demonstrate ...

We quantify how the hip energetics and knee torque required for an above-knee prosthesis user to walk with the kinematics of able-bodied humans vary with the inertial properties of the prosthesis. We also select and optimize passive mechanical components for a prosthetic knee to accurately reproduce the required knee torque. Previous theoretical studies have typically investigated the effects o...

in direct torque control, the selection of an applied voltage vector is based on the measuredparameters at the beginning of the sampling period. the delay between the measurement and the application of the voltage vector is the origin of an extra torque ripple. in this paper, a new predictive controller is proposed for compensating this delay and reducing the torque ripple. the stator current i...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of screwdriver handle shape, surface material and workpiece orientation on torque performance, finger force distribution and muscle activity in a maximum screwdriving torque task. Twelve male subjects performed maximum screw-tightening exertions using screwdriver handles with three longitudinal shapes (circular, hexagonal and triangular), fo...

We quantify how the hip energetics and knee torque required for an above-knee prosthesis user to walk with the kinematics of able-bodied humans vary with the inertial properties of the prosthesis. We also select and optimize passive mechanical components for a prosthetic knee to accurately reproduce the required knee torque. Previous theoretical studies have typically investigated the effects o...

Based on the spinor Boltzmann equation (SBE) formalism, we present a theory of temperature-dependent thermal spin–orbit torque for system in presence Rashba interaction. Under local equilibrium assumption, can expand distribution function around distribution; then, spin diffusion be derived from SBE, where transfer torque, orbit as well naturally obtained. It is shown that this originates tempe...

torque, speed, and power as mechanical variables are associated with the functional performance of any rotating machinery. the real-time performance and the efficiency of a machine can be determined with on-line measurement of these parameters. in this investigation a rotary torque meter (transducer) was constructed from strain gauge sensors for measuring the torque of rotating shafts. the syst...

this paper presents a new control structure to reduce torque ripple in switched reluctance motor. although srm possesses many advantages in motor structure, it suers from large torque ripple that causes some problems such as vibration and acoustic noise. in this paper another control loop is added and torque ripple is de ned as an objective function. by using fuzzy sliding mode strategy, the dc...

A particle, shaped as an ellipsoid of revolution and rotating about an arbitrary axis, experiences a torque in a rarefied monatomic gas because of the impact with the gas atoms. This torque is calculated for the case where the linear dimensions of the ellipsoid are small compared with the mean free path of the gas. The interaction of the gas atoms with the ellipsoidal surface is taken into acco...