I. Skinfold thicknesses at seven sites were measured during and after pregnancy in eightyfour women ; in forty-eight of these, total body water was measured concurrently. 2. Early in pregnancy (10 weeks) the skinfold measurements were highly correlated with each other and with maternal weight, ratio of observed weight to standard weight-for-height, ‘dry’ (water-free) weight, and with calculated...

A dilution model is widely used to link blood alcohol concentration and the quantity of alcohol consumed. Whilst some authors use the total body water formulation of that model, others use the Widmark Factor formulation. A paper by Forrest gave a table of example values of the Widmark Factor and Barbour, based on Forrest's work and using Forrest's computer program, subsequently presented Forres...

Changes in skin blood and sweating are the primary mechanisms for heat loss in humans. A hot, humid environment concomitant with dehydration limits the ability to increase skin blood flow for the purpose of transferring heat from the body core to skin surface and evaporate sweat to maintain core temperature within safe limits during exercise. Adequate hydration improves thermoregulation by main...

An estimate of total body water (TBW) has important implications in clinical practice. For patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), the estimate is critical when determining the delivered dialysis dose. The formulas of Mellits and Cheek have been recommended to estimate TBW in children on PD. These formulas were derived from healthy children, and very few infants were included. To assess the accur...

Using deuterium oxide dilution technique, the total body water changes of five infants maintained on total parenteral nutrition have been determined. While average weight gains of from 14 to 53 g/day were documented, there were decreases in percentage total body water from 13 to 50%. These data taken together support tissue accretion rather than water retention as the mechanism of weight gain i...

Introduction Skeletal muscle is the body’s largest organ and is essential to many aspects of human physiology, including movement, glucose uptake and storage, thermogenesis, and total body water balance. MRI methods allow investigators to assess many aspects of muscle structure and function. A key point of focus for this abstract and presentation will be the muscle microvasculature, the proper ...

Adequate fluid intake is critical for survival. While adults are at liberty to drink fluids as wanted, children and infants are dependent upon caregivers for food and fluid. Children are at greater risk for dehydration than adults due to their higher surface-to-mass ratio. Additionally, children have different thirst sensitivities and body cooling mechanisms than adults. Children differ from ad...

• The determination of total body water by measurements of the distribution A'olume of antipyrine was originally proposed by Soberman, Brodie, et al. The applicability of the method has been extended by the use of the more easily determined aeetylaminoantipyrine. It has also been suggested' that the iodinated derivative of antipyrine labeled with I might be a satisfactory substitute for the par...

l. Ten captive Myotis thysanodes ingested an average of 5.05 kcal/ day and egested 0.47 kcal/day with a mean energy utilization of 90.8 per cent. 2. One captive M. lucifugus ingested 4.15 kcaljday and egested 0.37 kcal/day with an energy utilization of 91.2 per cent. 3. M. thysanodes gained an average of 2.77 cm3/day of water and lost an average of 2.86 cma/day. This represents a water turnover...

In evaluating the renal mechanisms responsible for the generation of the dysnatremias, an analysis of free water clearance (FWC) and electrolyte-free water clearance (EFWC) is often utilized to characterize the rate of urinary free water excretion in these disorders. Previous analyses of FWC and EFWC have failed to consider the relationship among plasma water Na(+) concentration ([Na(+)](pw)), ...