Receiver playout buffers are required to smooth network delay variations for multimedia streams. Playout buffer algorithms such as those commonly used in the Internet, autoregressively measure the network delay and variation and adjust the buffer delay accordingly, to avoid packets arriving too late. In this work, we attempt to adjust the buffer delay based on a prediction of the network delay ...

BACKGROUND Delay in Tuberculosis (TB) case detection may worsen the disease and increase TB transmission. It is also a challenge to the National TB and Leprosy control Program (NTLP). METHODS We conducted a cross sectional study in four out of six districts in Pwani region to estimate the extent and factors responsible for delay in TB case detection in Pwani region. Delays were divided into p...

Background: Delay in Tuberculosis (TB) case detection may worsen the disease and increase TB transmission. It is also a challenge to the National TB and Leprosy control Program (NTLP). Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study in four out of six districts in Pwani region to estimate the extent and factors responsible for delay in TB case detection in Pwani region. Delays were divided into p...

BACKGROUND Any delay in diagnosis and consequently treatment of TB patients not only increases the infectivity of the disease in the community, but may also lead to more advance disease state, which may result in more complications and expose patients to higher risk of death. The aim of this study was to assess delays in diagnosing new TB patients and the factors associated with these delays in...

this article proposes a direct method for solving three types of integral equations with time delay. by using operational matrix of integration, integral equations can be reduced to a linear lower triangular system which can be directly solved by forward substitution. numerical examples shows that the proposed scheme have a suitable degree of accuracy.

background & aim: nowadays, home health care services play significant roles in modern societies. such services allow the elderly and needy people to pass their treatment process at their own houses in a friendly environment. in this paper, weekly routing and scheduling problem of home health care personnel was investigated. methods & materials: insufficient number of expert personnel or overla...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate lag times between disease onset and rheumatological encounter in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS All referred patients with early RA over a 1 year period were prospectively registered. The lag time between disease onset and the first encounter with a physician was recorded as the "patient's delay". The time between this encounter and the referral t...

A new heuristic algorithm is presented for constructing minimum-cost multicast trees with delay constraints. The new algorithm can set variable delay bounds on destinations and handles two variants of the network cost optimization goal: one minimizing the total cost (total bandwidth utilization) of the tree, and another minimizing the maximal link cost (the most congested link). Instead of the ...

In this paper, we devise a framework for obtaining the optimal ordering policy in a single location, continuous review inventory system with arbitrary inter-demand times. We show that it is optimal to order at demand arrival epochs only if the inter-demand time has constant or decreasing failure rate (CFR or DFR). When the inter-demand time has increasing failure rate (IFR), we show that the op...

Intersection traffic delay research has traditionally placed greater emphasis on the study of through and left-turning vehicles than right-turning ones, which often renders existing methods or models inapplicable to intersections with heavy pedestrian and non-motorized traffic. In the meantime, there is also a need for understanding the relations between different types of delay and how they ea...