In excess of 55% of adults in the United States are classified as either overweight (body mass index = 25-29.9 kg.m(-2)) or obese (body mass index > or = 30 kg.m(-2)). To address this significant public health problem, the American College of Sports Medicine recommends that the combination of reductions in energy intake and increases in energy expenditure, through structured exercise and other ...

It is controversial whether weight loss reduces resting energy expenditure (REE) to a different magnitude in black and white women. This aim of this study was to determine whether changes in REE with weight loss were different between black and white postmenopausal women, and whether changes in body composition (including regional lean and fat mass) were associated with REE changes within each ...

To determine the effect of paralysis on body composition, eight pairs of male monozygotic twins, one twin in each pair with paraplegia, were studied by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Significant loss of total body lean tissue mass was found in the paralyzed twins compared with their able-bodied co-twins: 47.5 +/- 6. 7 vs. 60.1 +/- 7.8 (SD) kg (P < 0.005). Regionally, arm lean tissue mass was...

The aim of this work is to use full evolutionary models to derive observational constraints on the mass loss rate of the upper Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. The observations used to constrain the models are: i) the relative number of luminous Lithium rich AGBs in the Magellanic Clouds, with respect to the total number of AGBs populating the luminosity range ?6 M bol ?7; ii) the s{process...

BACKGROUND Although low bone mineral density is highly prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the distribution of the reduced bone mass has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES To determine regional bone mass loss in patients with COPD and investigate whether the change in distribution may be associated with body weight loss and functional capacity. METHOD...

Mass budget calculations, validated with satellite gravity observations [from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites], enable us to quantify the individual components of recent Greenland mass loss. The total 2000-2008 mass loss of approximately 1500 gigatons, equivalent to 0.46 millimeters per year of global sea level rise, is equally split between surface processes (run...

We present a study of MSX point sources in the Galactic bulge (|l| < 3, 1 < |b| < 5), observed at A, C, D and E-band (8 to 21 μm), with a total area ∼ 48 deg and more than 7000 detected sources in the MSX D-band (15 μm). We discuss the nature of the MSX sources (mostly AGB stars), their luminosities, the interstellar extinction, the mass-loss rate distribution and the total mass-loss rate in th...