Enzyme degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides can potentially enhance the release of bioactive phenolics. The aim of this study was to evaluate various combinations of solvent and enzyme, enzyme type (cellulase, pectinase, ß-glucosidase), and hydrolysis time (1, 4, 8, 24 h) on the release of muscadine grape skin and seed phenolics, and their antioxidant activities. Results showed that p...

Trametes lactinea (T. lactinea), a macrofungus belonging to the family of Polyporaceae was investigated for its ability to inhibit hyaluronidase, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase activities in vitro. Results showed that extracts from the supernatant and mycelia of T. lactinea significantly inhibited the activities of hyaluronidase and lipoxygenase with more than 80% inhibition. The presence of...

Sudden oak death, caused by Phytophthora ramorum, has resulted in high levels of coast live oak (CLO) mortality. However, some CLO survive in areas with high disease pressure and may thus be resistant. We tested the hypothesis that such field-resistant trees contain constitutively higher levels of phenolics than susceptible trees. Phloem was sampled from the trunks of two groups of trees (one p...

The temporal gradation of antioxidants was investigated on the phloem tissue of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] in response to weather conditions and colonization levels of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae). Two weeks after pheromone dispensers were placed on trees, the initial reaction of Norway spruce to bark beetle attack resulted in moderately lowered levels of total glutathione...

The antioxidant activities of the chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extract fractions from propolis collected in Anhui, China were evaluated in this study. The ethyl acetate fraction contained the highest amount of total phenolics and total flavonoids, and showed the greatest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium...

Due to the role leaf phenolics in defending against ultraviolet B (UVB) under previously controlled conditions, we hypothesize that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) could be a primary factor driving the variation in leaf phenolics in plants over a large geographic scale. We measured leaf total phenolics, ultraviolet-absorbing compounds (UVAC), and corresponding leaf N, P, and specific leaf area (SLA...

background and objectives: prunus domestica (plum) has been considered as a useful remedy for several disorders in iranian traditional medicine (itm). it has cold and wet temperament and is used as syrup for hot temperament diseases such as hot headache and stomach disorders. in the present study, plum syrup has been formulated according to itm manuscripts and quality control evaluations have b...

In this study, the effectiveness of chitosan coating treatment to control weight loss and maintaining fruit quality of apricot was investigated. Fruits were coated with 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% chitosan as well as distilled water (control). Following treatments, fruits were stored at 0?C and 80 ? 2% relative humidity for 25 days. The weight loss, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA)...

inflammation is a part of the non-specific immune response which occurs in reaction to any type of injury. medicinal mushrooms have had application in various disorders including cancer, liver injuries, inflammation and diabetes. in the present study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extracts of medicinal mushrooms (fomes fomentarius, ganoderma applanatum and trametes hirsuta) were ...