There is a scarcity of studies concerning Plutella xylostella L. dealing with either interactions between partial plant resistance and insecticides or multitrophic interactions (with or without insecticides). Such studies are vital to allow improved understanding of possible interactions in IPM programmes and may help both to develop approaches which enhance cultural and biological controls and...

The objective of this study was to evaluate insecticide toxicity on Bemisia tabaci, Tetranychus evansi, Orius insidiosus, Cycloneda sanguinea and Chauliognathus flavipes in tomato plants. The following toxicity treatments were applied: T1: control, T2: chlorpyrifos (Pitcher) 450 EC (1.25 L.ha), T3: chlorpyrifos 450 EC (Pitcher) (0.62 L.ha), T4: thiamethoxam 100 WG (1.00 L.ha), T5: thiamethoxam ...

The psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is one of the most important pests of citrus worldwide because it efÞciently vectors three bacteria in the genus Candidatus Liberibacter that cause the devastating citrus greening disease (huanglongbing). Current management practices for this insect pest rely on multiple sprays of foliar insecticides and one or two applications of soi...

In a two-species toxicity test system survival and reproduction of both the predator Hypoaspis aculeifer (Gamasida) and the prey Folsomia fimetaria (Collembola) were studied after 21 days of residual exposure to a soil contamination of the insecticide dimethoate. Additional experiments were run to analyze which species-species and compound-species relationships determine the outcome of this two...

Acute toxicity of selected organophosphorus insecticides (OPs; chlorpyrifos, methyl parathion, diazinon, and malathion) was determined for individual OPs and binary combinations of the OPs with atrazine to larvae of the midge Chironomus tentans. Atrazine individually was not acutely toxic even at high concentrations (10,000 mg/L); however, the presence of atrazine at much lower concentrations (...