This paper examines interbrand competition between a domestic and a foreign manufacturer who market their products through intermediaries. The contracts manufacturers offer these intermediaries are endogenous. In equilibrium contracts may specify exclusive territories (ET), depending on the degree of substitutability between products and the level and degree of transparency of trade barriers. T...

The importance of manufactures trade to the developing countries has increased dramatically since the early 1980s, and developing countries’ reliance on each others as markets has also risen sharply. Developing countries face disproportionately high trade barriers in manufactures and barriers to their manufactures exports account for around 70 percent of the total barriers faced by their export...

Along the global trend of economic development, it is often observed rapid industrial transformation accompanied by contitual rural-urban migration. In many developing countries there are yet abundant supplies of “surplus labor.”We construct a small open, dynamic framework to examine how the existence of this large supply of rural, unskilled labor a¤ects trade, urbanization, capital accumulatio...

While the Uruguay Round resulted in greater transparency of agricultural trade barriers and limited liberalization, substantial barriers to trade in livestock products remain. This paper makes a projection of the global economy to 2005, and then seeks to determine the impacts of alternative outcomes of the next WTO Millenium Round. Three options for reform are explored – one is restricted to fr...

As the largest trading country in world, China lags behind developed countries terms of development level. There is a technological gap, lack innovation and often suffers from technical barriers to trade. Whether direct losses, indirect losses or degree impact, TBT has exceeded traditional trade become most frequent difficult measures that export enterprises Jiangsu face after exchange rate tar...

There has been a recent resurgence of interest in the relationship between income inequality and growth. We use the WIDER/UNDP World Income Inequality Database to investigate the effects of inequality and trade liberalisation on growth in a sample of exclusively developing countries. Cross-section (long-run) and panel (short run) techniques are used to test for the effect of inequality on growt...

The remarkable increase in trade flows and in migratory flows of highly educated people are two important features of globalization of the last decades. This paper extends a two-country model of interand intraindustry trade to a rich environment featuring technological differences, skill differences and the possibility of international labor mobility. The model is used to explain the patterns o...