We study the optically induced coupling between spins mediated by polaritons in a planar microcavity. In the strong-coupling regime, the vacuum Rabi splitting introduces anisotropies in the spin coupling. Moreover, due to their photonlike mass, polaritons provide an extremely long spin coupling range. This suggests the realization of two-qubit all-optical quantum operations within tens of picos...

Numerous functionally distinct regions of cortex (e.g., V1, MT, the fusiform face area) can be easily identified in any normal human subject in just a few minutes of fMRI scanning. However, the locations of these regions vary across subjects. Investigations of these regions have therefore often used a functional region of interest (fROI) approach in which the region is first identified function...

Measurements on nanoscale structures constructed from high-temperature superconductors are expected to shed light on the origin of superconductivity in these materials. To date, loops made from these compounds have had sizes of the order of hundreds of nanometres(8-11). Here, we report the results of measurements on loops of La(1.84)Sr(0.16)CuO(4), a high-temperature superconductor that loses i...

The origin of the coherences in two-dimensional spectroscopy of photosynthetic complexes remains disputed. Recently, it has been shown that in the ultrashort-pulse limit, oscillations in a frequency-integrated pump-probe signal correspond exclusively to electronic coherences, and thus such experiments can be used to form a test for electronic vs. vibrational oscillations in such systems. Here, ...

We demonstrate tunable superluminal propagation in a silicon microphotonic device in a solid-state room-temperature device of tens of micrometers in dimension allowing easy integration with high-bandwidth room-temperature systems. We achieve tunable negative delays up to 85 ps and effective group indices tunable between -1158 and -312.

The visual estimation of the rank of a matrix has eluded researchers across a myriad of disciplines many years. In this paper, we demonstrate the successful visual estimation of a matrix’s rank by treating it as a classification problem. When tested on a dataset of tens-of-thousands of colormapped matrices of varying ranks, we not only achieve state-of-the-art performance, but also distressingl...

In current cognitive psychology, naming latencies are commonly measured by electronic voice keys that detect when sound exceeds a certain amplitude threshold. However, recent research (e.g., K. Rastle & M. H. Davis, 2002) has shown that these devices are particularly inaccurate in precisely detecting acoustic onsets. In this article, the authors discuss the various problems and solutions that h...

BACKGROUND Zipf's law and Heaps' law are observed in disparate complex systems. Of particular interests, these two laws often appear together. Many theoretical models and analyses are performed to understand their co-occurrence in real systems, but it still lacks a clear picture about their relation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We show that the Heaps' law can be considered as a derivative ...

Rosetta is a powerful software suite for the modeling and design of macromolecules [1]. Originally written within the laboratory of David Baker, the Rosetta developers community (RosettaCommons, https://www.rosettacommons.org/) has expanded to encompass hundreds of developers across tens of institutions. The Rosetta community, from software developers to academic and industry users, meets yearl...

Designing RNAs that form specific secondary structures is enabling better understanding and control of living systems through RNA-guided silencing, genome editing and protein organization. Little is known, however, about which RNA secondary structures might be tractable for downstream sequence design, increasing the time and expense of design efforts due to inefficient secondary structure choic...