This research assesses how U.S. transit agencies have taken advantage of congestion pricing projects and answers two questions: (1) what role has transit played in U.S. congestion pricing projects, and (2) how have transit agencies responded to congestion pricing projects through service planning, operating practices, capital investment, and institutional arrangements. First, transit is seen as...

bus rapid transit is an innovative, high capacity, lower cost public transit solution in metropolitan cities. idea is to dedicate lanes for quick and efficient transport of passengers to their destinations. in the present investigation the environmental impact assessment of bus rapid transit  in tehran metropolitan city is brought out. for this purpose bus rapid transit lane no. 10 is investiga...

We use multi-band photometry to refine estimates for the planetary radius and orbital inclination of the transiting planet system HD 209458. We gathered 1066 spectra over four distinct transits with the STIS spectrometer on the Hubble Space Telescope using two gratings with a resolution R = 1500 and a combined wavelength range of 290− 1030 nm. We divide the spectra into ten spectrophotometric b...

beta(3)-Adrenoceptors(beta(3)-AR) are expressed by cholinergic myenteric neurons and beta(3)-AR agonists are effective in experimental models of diarrhea. Our aim was to explore the effects of a beta(3)-AR agonist, solabegron, on gastrointestinal transit, safety, bowel function, plasma somatostatin, and solabegron pharmacokinetics (PK) following single and multiple doses. In a single-center, do...

Received: September 23, 2008. Accepted: December 18, 2008. Corresponding author: Gyu Sam Hwang, M.D., Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1, Pungnap-2dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea. Tel: 82-2-3010-3989, Fax: 82-2-470-1363, E-mail: [email protected] Submitted for the degree of master of science for science for In Gu Jun. Copyright c Korean Society o...

When I was appointed Director of California PATH in summer 2003, it was with the specific mandate to help re-structure the research center, to align more closely with the objectives of our main sponsor, Caltrans. The re-organized PATH includes four research programs: Traffic Operations, Transit Operations, Traffic Safety and Policy. The reason for this restructuring was to provide a more direct...

Transit agencies have never had an accurate indicator of the extent of their service area based on riders’ door-to-door travel time. This is an important gap in knowledge, because travel time is one of the most important factors determining whether or not people will use public transit. This paper presents a powerful new travel timebased method to visualize and analyze transit service coverage—...

introduction: treatment in chronic constipation is highly dependent on colon transit time (ctt), which not only determines the cause but also determines the correct treatment policy. the aim of this study was evaluation of ctt in constipated patients. methods: 43 patients with chronic constipation who did not respond to high fiber diet were enrolled in the study. patients with history of drug i...

Improving urban walkability is critical to the long-term development of cities. Although previous studies have demonstrated a relationship between built environment and walking, an approach that can control exploration different functional areas has not yet been discussed. In this study, features include density, design, diversity, destination accessibility, distance transit. Geodetector regres...

morphine was used as a remedy for the control of diarrhea centuries before it's sedative-analgesic effect was discovered. although several mechanisms have been proposed for the morphine-induced inhibition of gastrointestinal transit (oit), the exact mechanism has not yet been identified. on this basis the possible involvement of the dopaminergic system in morphine-induced inhibition of tra...