the effect of test on teachers, students, and their classroom behaviors has ever been amenable to scholarly studies. to explore such an effect, 20 professors offering ma tefl preparation courses and 30 candidates received plsp and apals inventories. paired-sample t-tests revealed significant differences. however, the respective componential multivariate anova revealed non-significant and signif...

In this article, we provide a framework for analyzing and interpreting sources that inform a literature review or, as it is more aptly called, a research synthesis. Specifically, using Leech and Onwuegbuzie’s (2007, 2008) frameworks, we delineate how the following four major source types inform research syntheses: talk, observations, drawings/photographs/videos, and documents. We identify 17 qu...

Intelligence, collaboration and mobility are the main important features in designing agents for electronic commercial systems. But very few systems permit to implement agents which have all these characteristics. In this paper, we address the problems of designing intelligent collaborative mobile agents. We propose a componential approach for designing and implementing such agents. Our framewo...

Triadic distances t defined as functions of the Euclidean (dyadic) distances a1, a2, a3 between three points are studied. Special attention is paid to the contours of all points giving the same value of t when a3 is kept constant . These isocontours allow some general comments to be made about the suitability, or not, for practical investigations of certain definitions of triadic distance. We a...

In this paper, we examine the evolution of triadic motifs in a large-scale human communication network. We consider extant models of triadic evolution, emphasizing vertex-, dyadic-, triadicand higher-level processes in order to generate testable hypotheses of the predictors of both over time triangle survival and triangle emergence from lower-order motifs. We find that the stability and formati...

The past 25 years have witnessed an increasing awareness of the importance of cognitive control in the regulation of complex behavior. It now sits alongside attention, memory, language, and thinking as a distinct domain within cognitive psychology. At the same time it permeates each of these sibling domains. This introduction reviews recent work on cognitive control in an attempt to provide a c...

We define a closure operation for ideals in a commutative ring which has all the good properties of solid closure (at least in the case of equal characteristic) but such that also every ideal in a regular ring is closed. This gives in particular a kind of tight closure theory in characteristic zero without referring to positive characteristic.