An in vitro incubation system was used to evaluate effect of supplementation of fumaric acid at 0, 5, 10, and 15 mM concentration in high-, medium-, and low-fiber wheat straw containing total mixed diets with sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) and berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) on rumen fermentation, methane production, and gas kinetics parameters. Three types of diets were prepared with dif...

The utilization of winter-killed cover crops is increasing due to their benefits in intensive cropping systems based on summer cash crops. However, there still a lack knowledge about management temperate climates, where maize planted early under conservation tillage techniques. For these conditions, here we document for the first time various agronomic effects different options. We evaluated pr...

Eighteen Holstein dairy cows averaging 141 days in milk were used in a complete randomized design to determine the effects of feeding liquid acid whey (LAW) on milk production and composition. Animals received a diet consisting of berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum., L), wheat straw and concentrate (Control). Treatments were control and control plus 40 liters/cow/day of LAW. Daily individua...

The aim was to provide the insight into the biology of C. albicans influenced by undescribed yet properties of saponin-rich (80%-98%) fractions (SAPFs), isolated from extracts of Trifolium alexandrinum, T. incarnatum, T. resupinatum var. resupinatum aerial parts. Their concentrations below 0.5 mg/mL were arbitrarily considered as subMICs for C. albicans ATCC 10231 and were further used. SAPFs a...

The instant endeavor was undertaken for determination of lead (Pb) in water, soil, forage, and cow’s blood domesticated contaminated area heavy automobiles’ exhaust Sahiwal town District Sargodha, Pakistan. Water samples showed that the concentration Pb ranged from 1.14 to 0.44 mg kg−1 at all sites. It maximum site 5 minimum 2. Soil sites 1.58 0.279 kg−1. soil where Avena sativa grown found Zea...